ACP Review: Last day

What evidence does not support the evolution of chloroplasts and mitochondria from prokaryotic cells?

• Fossil record

• Double membrane of organelles

• Similar methods of reproduction

• Presence of circular DNA

Which statement applies to eukaryotic cells but not to prokaryotic cells?

• Utilize mitochondria during energy production

• Flow of nutrients and wastes occurs across a membrane

• Contain DNA as genetic material

• Perform metabolic processes with the help of chemicals

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

A scientist is investigating cell transport. She observes molecules being transported into a cell through proteins present in the cell membrane. These proteins do not use energy to transport the molecules. Which of the following best explains the type of cell transport observed by the scientist?

• Active transport because membrane proteins were used

• Diffusion because the molecules were entering the cell

• Facilitated diffusion because the proteins were not using energy

• Osmosis because the molecules were moving against the concentration gradient

How does the cell membrane help to maintain the health of the cell?

• By providing support and structure for the cell

• By regulating the transport of materials in and out of the cell

• By manufacturing protein to provide energy for the cell

• By storing food as future energy for the cell

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A few drops of Lugol’s iodine solution placed in a beaker of water will turn the water red. A starch solution was poured into a length of dialysis tubing, and the ends were tied. The starch solution was clear and colorless. The tubing was then dropped into a beaker of iodine solution. After 10 minutes, the clear and colorless starch solution turned black, and the iodine water remained red.

Refer to the reading passage and diagram above. If the dialysis tubing represents a cell membrane, which of the following statements describes what is being observed in the changing color of the starch solution?

• Iodine cannot pass through a membrane.

• A semipermeable membrane will allow diffusion of selected molecules.

• Starch can be easily diffused through a membrane.

• A permeable membrane diffuses chemicals in and out of its surface.

To maintain homeostasis, cells absorb and excrete substances through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. In which process do cells use vesicles to excrete substances?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Simple diffusion

Which statement is incorrect?

• Some molecules diffuse through carrier proteins

• Molecule transport across a membrane can occur through endocytosis or exocytosis

• Osmosis is a type of passive transport and requires no energy input from the cell

• An isotonic solution has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than the cell

4A: Both euglena and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from cyanobacteria is the:

• Ability to maintain homeostasis

• Presence of ribosomes

• Ability to reproduce

• Presence of a nuclear membrane

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4C: Which of these describes a difference between viruses and cells?

• Cells contain protein, and viruses only contain carbohydrates

• Viruses have flagella, and cells have only cilia

• Cells reproduce independently, and viruses require a host to reproduce

• Viruses have membranes made of proteins, and cells have membranes made of nucleic aci

What process best explains how muscle cells and nerve cells can develop from the same fertilized egg?

• genetic engineering
• survival of the fittest
• differentiation
• selective breeding

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4