Topic 3: Rocks & Minerals STUDY GUIDE

1. Molten hot magma that cools very slowly underground can cause ______________ in intrusive igneous rock.

• mineral layering
• glass-like formations
• settling of precious metals
• the formation of large crystals

2. Rocks are composed of different kinds of _________.

• soils
• sands
• minerals
• water crystals

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

3. This rock appears to have formed in materials deposited in water that got compacted and cemented together. It is most likely a/an _____________ rock.

• igneous
• metamorphic
• pyroclastic
• sedimentary

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

4. The Culpeper basin in Virginia has many rocks filled with fish fossils and dinosaur tracks. These rocks are MOST LIKELY..... (Which rock type contains fossils?)

• igneous
• intrusive
• sedimentary
• metamorphic

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

5. A great deal of the Blue Ridge Mountains were eroded. The eroded rock eventually settled in Virginia’s coastal plain. What process - in which sediment collects or drops / settles out of water into layers - caused this?

• deposition
• folding
• subduction
• volcanism

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

6. Rocks in and on the Earth are constantly changing because of both physical and chemical processes. The continual change in & recycling of rocks on Earth is called

• erosion
• weathering
• the rock cycle
• the mineral cycle

7. What causes sedimentary rock to change into metamorphic rock? (What process forms metamorphic rock?)

• cooling
• melting
• heat and pressure
• weathering and erosion

8. Metamorphic rock is changed into igneous rock by

• weathering and erosion
• sedimentation and lithification
• heat, pressure, and chemical activity
• melting followed by cooling and solidification (crystallization)

9. Which type of rock can form if extreme HEAT AND PRESSURE are applied to sedimentary rock?

• granite
• igneous rock
• metamorphic rock
• sedimentary rock

10. Which of these BEST describes the concept of the rock cycle?

• sedimentary rocks may be remelted several times
• rocks move in circles on the earth as the earth rotates
• rocks can be moved from place to place on the earth without changing
• rocks are continually changing, and any type of rock may be transformed into another type by appropriate processes