Grade 8: Life Science Part 1 (classification, body systems, cell

Structures within the human body are organized in a hierarchal arrangement where each structure performs a specific task. The diagram shows the various levels of structures within the human body. A picture of which of the following structures belongs in the box with the question mark?

• Cell

• Organ system

• Macromolecule

• Organelle

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The multicellular human body is made up of several structures that work dependently with one another. Which structure functions as the basic unit of life?

• Tissue

• Molecule

• Atom

• Cell

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Atoms are the smallest unit of a chemical element and the simplest form of organization. The atom contains three subatomic particles. Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle of the atom?

• Electron

• Proton

• Neuron

• Neutron

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Human organ systems are made up of organs that work together to perform specific functions that allow the body to function properly and perform all of life's fundamental processes. If Jim went to his cardiologist complaining of irregular heart palpitations, what system is likely to function improperly?

• Reproductive system

• Circulatory system

• Excretory system

• Nervous system

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Tissue is derived from cells of the same origin and, therefore, have similar functions and structures. The human body is comprised of four basic categories of tissue. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental tissue of the body?

• Skeletal tissue

• Muscle tissue

• Epithelial tissue

• Connective tissue

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The Cell Theory applies to all living organisms. Look at the organisms pictured. Which statement best describes why these organisms are all examples of the Cell Theory?

• The cells of the organisms perform exactly the same functions

• The cells of the organisms are identical in structure

• The organisms are composed of one or more cells

• The organisms are single-cellular

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Biologists use the Cell Theory as a guideline for determining whether something should be classified as a living organism. Which of the following is a basic requirement of a living organism according to the Cell Theory?

• Living organisms are multicellular

• Living organisms contain the same organelles within a cell

• Living organisms use the external environment to maintain cellular homeostasis

• Living organisms undergo cell division where new cells are created from old cells

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All organelles in the cell perform important functions. Which organelle controls the activity of the cell and hold the cell's genetic information?

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Chloroplasts

• Cell Membrane

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Plant and animal cells are similar in structure and organization. However, there are two organelles that are unique to plant cells. Compared to an animal cell, which organelles is specific to plants?

• Cell Wall

• Cell Membrane

• Vacuoles

• Cytoplasm

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The number of mitochondria in a cell depends on the needs of the cell. A cell that needs a lot of energy will have an increased number of mitochondria compared to a cell that uses less energy. What type of cell would likely have the most mitochondria?

• Skin cells

• Fat cells

• Bone cells

• Muscle cells

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