Cell Communication and Cell Cycle

Which is least likely to result in a cancerous tumor?

• A receptor mutation that results in activation of a cell division pathway in the absence of the proper ligand

• A mutation results in the loss of the ability to produce a tumor-suppressor protein

• A defect in the cell cycle checkpoint prevents a cell from entering S phase

• At the anaphase checkpoint, separation of chromatids occurs without all the centromeres attached to microtubules

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What would prevent a ligand from binding to its receptor?

• Change in the cytoskeleton attachment of the transmembrane protein

• Presence of a large amount of precursor to the ligand

• Increase in the ratio of saturated to unsaturated cell membrane lipids

• A mutation in the receptor gene that changes an amino acid at the binding site

How is a cell in prophase of mitosis different from a cell in Prophase I of meiosis?

• A spindle forms in the mitotic cell

• Twice as many chromosomes in the meiotic cell

• Paired homologous chromosomes in the meiotic cell

• Half as many chromosomes in the meiotic cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What happens after chromosomes are aligned at the equitorial plate of the cell?

• Homologous chromosomes will move to opposite poles of the cell

• Paired chromatids will separate and new daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell

• Nuclear envelope breaks down, then the spindle forms

• Chromatin will decondense and the daughter cell will enter interphase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which of the following is likely true of cell signaling?

• Similar signaling pathways in diverse eukaryotes are evidence of conserved evolutionary processes

• Cell signaling uses the highest molecular weight found in living cells

• Cell signaling has largely been replaced by other functions in mammals

• Cell signaling functions mainly during early developmental stages

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which of the following occurs in both mitosis and meiosis?

• Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

• Separation of sister chromatids

• Separation of homologous chromosomes

• Reduction of chromosome number

Transmission of information from sensory neurons to interneurons involves the

• flow of protons down an electrochemical gradient

• transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to the receptor on the postsynaptic cell membrane

• release of chemical messengers into the space between the axon of the sensory neuron and the plasma membrane of the sensory neuron

• exchange of electrons between the plasma membrane of the sensory neuron and the membrane of the interneuron

Which of the following activities of platelets describes a positive feedback loop?

• activated platelets release chemicals that inhibit blood clot formation

• activated platelets release chemicals the inhibit cell division in damaged tissue

• activated platelets constrict blood vessels, stopping blood flow

• activated platelets release chemicals that activate more platelets

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

When does DNA replication occur?

• S phase of the cell cycle

• during mitosis but not meiosis

• in animal cells but not plant cells

• as the nuclear envelope breaks down early in mitosis

Which of the following supports the claim that ethylene initiates the signal transduction pathway that causes fruit to ripen?

• Ethylene is a simple gaseous molecule which makes it easy for receptors to detect

• Fruit will ripen in closed container without air

• Ethylene synthesis is under both positive and negative feedback mechanisms

• Loss of function mutations in the ethylene receptors changes the fruit ripening process