AP Biology DNA Structure and Replication

Enzyme that unwinds the DNA

• ligase
• DNA Polymerase
• primase
• helicase

Seals the Okazaki fragments together

• DNA Polymerase
• ligase
• helicase
• primase

Adds nucleotides to the newly synthesized strand of DNA

• DNA polymerase I
• DNA polymerase III
• Primase
• Ligase

synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind

• ligase
• DNA polymerase I
• primase
• helicase

removes the RNA primer and adds DNA nucleotides to fill in the gap

• DNA polymerase III
• ligase
• primase
• DNA polymerase I

direction new nucleotides are synthesized on the new strand

• 5^' to 3' (new nucleotides added to the 3' end)
• 3' to 5' (new nucleotides added to the 5' end)

repetitive sequences of DNA on the ends of chromosomes (TTAGGG)

• telomeres
• telomerase
• Okazaki fragments
• primer

process of making multiple copies of short DNA sequences in a test tube

• PCR
• mismatch repair
• proofreading
• telomerase

Error rate in DNA replication

•  1 in 100,000 
• 1 in 1,000
• 1 in 1,000,000
• 1 in 10,000

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Experiment that radioactively labeled the proteins and DNA of bacteriophages to determine if DNA or protein was the transforming agent

• Avery
• Watson & Crick
• Messelson & Stahl
• Hershey & Chase