Physiological Factors

How does aerobic training affect the size of the left ventricle?

• Makes it irregular in shape

• Causes it to decrease

• Leads to an increase

• Has no effect

What is the primary effect of aerobic training on stroke volume?

• Decreases the size of the left ventricle

• Reduces the amount of blood pumped per contraction

• Increases the amount of blood pumped per contraction

• Has no significant effect on stroke volume

How is cardiac output calculated?

• Stroke volume divided by heart rate

• Heart rate divided by stroke volume

• Heart rate plus stroke volume

• Stroke volume multiplied by heart rate

What happens to an athlete's resting heart rate as a result of aerobic training?

• Decreases

• Remains unchanged

• Varies unpredictably

• Increases significantly

What role does hemoglobin play in physiological adaptations?

• Transports oxygen around the body

• Decreases oxygen delivery

• Reduces blood volume

• Increases carbon dioxide levels

Why does hemoglobin level increase with aerobic training?

• To reduce the heart's workload

• To enhance oxygen delivery to muscles

• To increase blood volume

• To decrease oxygen transport

What is the effect of increased myoglobin levels in trained athletes?

• Increases oxygen transport within muscles

• Has no effect on oxygen transport

• Decreases oxygen uptake

• Reduces muscle strength

What is the effect of training on oxygen uptake?

• Significant decrease

• No change

• Becomes variable

• Significant increase

What is the primary change in lung capacity due to aerobic training?

• Significant decrease

• Little to no change

• Becomes variable

• Significant increase

What adaptation occurs within type-1 slow-twitch muscle fibers?

• Increase in aerobic enzymes

• Reduction in capillary density

• Decrease in aerobic enzymes

• No change in myoglobin levels