Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion?

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.

Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.

Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of Sedimentary Rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?

Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.

Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.

Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.

Sediment grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form Sedimentary Rock.

Some students make a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 centimeters of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 centimeter of gravel. Finally they pour 2 centimeters of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?

Sedimentary rock is made of layers.

Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.

Sedimentary rock is often limestone.

Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.

The model below shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years?

The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.

Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.

Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.

Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.

Sedimentary rocks form when broken bits of other rock are deposited and then –

buried and squeezed and cemented together.

melted by the heat of the Earth’s core.

completely dissolved in salt water in the ocean.

used by humans as a natural resource.

Which of the following is a process that creates the sediments that form sedimentary rock?

Wind, water, and ice breaking rock into smaller pieces

Heat from the earth melting rock below the surface

Volcanoes putting out lava that cools to form new rock

Continents pushing together to fold layers of rock

Which of the following locations would most likely produce sedimentary rock after much time has passed?

A beach where sand is being deposited

A mountain that receives snow year round

A volcano that erupts frequently

A rocky desert that is windy all the time

Most sedimentary rock forms in the ocean. This is because oceans -

are where most bits of broken rock get deposited

emit much less pollution than most other habitats

receive the majority of the Sun's energy

have fewer plants and animals than on land

Which of the following describes the formation of sedimentary rocks in the correct order?

Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Deposition, Cementation

Weathering, Cementation, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction

Weathering, Deposition, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation

Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form? (5.7A)

Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood

Mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks

This photograph shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels? (5.7A)

The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions of years.

The dead plants get buried for millions of years and form fossils that attract carbon.

The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.

The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.

The diagram shows layers deposited under a body of water. This layering continued for millions of years. What most likely happened to the dead plants and animals? (5.7A)

They were washed away by water.

They became an underground aquifer.

Starr Sedimentary Rock

Quiz

•

Science

•

5th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

NGSS

MS-ESS2-2, MS-ESS3-1, MS-ESS2-1

+5

Standards-aligned

Charles Martinez

FREE Resource

40 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

A type of rock that forms in layers when sediments from a weathered rock were eroded and deposited in the ocean, where the compaction and cementation turned them into a new rock.

weathering

Sedimentary Rock

organic matter

sediments

the breaking down of rocks

erosion

deposition

sediments

weathering

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

small pieces of rock, soil, and other materials.

deposition

sediments

erosion

organism

carrying away of sediments

weathering

compaction

erosion

cementation

dropped off of sediments in new locations

compaction

deposition

cementation

erosion

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

the process by which sediments are pressed together (squeeze) under water and layers of other sediments (pressure).

compaction

cementation

fossils

Sedimentary Rock

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

the process by which dissolved minerals in the water glue particles of sediment together into one rock.

fossils

compaction

cementation

weathering

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Starr Sedimentary Rock

40 questions

A type of rock that forms in layers when sediments from a weathered rock were eroded and deposited in the ocean, where the compaction and cementation turned them into a new rock.

the breaking down of rocks

small pieces of rock, soil, and other materials.

carrying away of sediments

dropped off of sediments in new locations

the process by which sediments are pressed together (squeeze) under water and layers of other sediments (pressure).

the process by which dissolved minerals in the water glue particles of sediment together into one rock.

non-renewable forms of energy that we use to meet our needs- Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (CONG).

natural resource that cannot be remade quickly or cannot be remade at all, it takes a very long time to make.

a solid fossil fuel that forms underground millions of years ago from dead plant material by the heat underground and pressure of the layers above it.

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