Human Growth Spring 2025 Exam 1 review

David's mother used to put medicine in orange juice to get him to take it. This made the juice taste bitter and made David gag. Now, he gags when he drinks orange juice, even if it has no medicine in it. What does the juice currently represent for David? (2.3)

• Neutral stimulus

• Conditioned stimulus

• Unconditioned stimulus

What is the main task during the "Industry vs. inferiority" stage? (2.1)

• Develop a sense of self

• Achieve socially defined goals

• Explore personal identity

• Establish independence

Answer explanation

While establishing an identity and becoming independent can be perceived as goals, Erikson defined "industry" as occurring in the elementary and middle school years.

What is the key task during the "Identity vs. role confusion" stage? (2.1)

• Achieve socially defined goals

• Develop a sense of self

• Establish trust

• Gain independence

Which stage involves achieving socially defined goals? (2.1)

• Trust vs. Mistrust

• Industry vs. Inferiority

• Identity vs. Role Confusion

• Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt

Answer explanation

This might look like an earlier question, but it's going in the opposite direction (presenting you with the task and asking you to identify the stage). It helps to be able to identify the task from the stage and vice versa.

During which age range does the "Intimacy vs. Isolation" stage occur? (2.1)

• 10s-20s

• 20s-40s

• 30s-50s

• 40s-60s

What is the primary focus during the stage of "Generativity vs. stagnation"? (2.1)

• Building trust

• Developing identity

• Reviewing life and evaluating impact on others

• Exploring independence

What is a key task during the Integrity vs. despair stage? (2.1)

• Establishing independence

• Reviewing life and evaluating how it turned out

• Building intimate relationships

• Developing a sense of identity

Which of the individuals below is in the identity versus confusion stage? (2.1)

• 
• 
• 
• 

Answer explanation

The answer is picture 4 not because the person has purple hair, but because the person is in the right age range (12-18).

Maria, a 50-year-old teacher, finds fulfillment in mentoring younger colleagues and volunteering in her community. Which of Erikson's crises is she resolving? (2.1)

• Identity vs Role Confusion

• Intimacy vs Isolation

• Generativity vs Stagnation

• Ego-Identity vs Despair

Answer explanation

Maria's age and the emphasis on finding fulfillment tell us this refers to generativity vs. stagnation.

What is the main task during the "Initiative vs. guilt" stage? (2.1)

• Develop trust

• Learn to be self-directed

• Form intimate relationships

• Achieve competence