Analyzing Claims, Evidence, and Reasoning

A claim is ______________________________.

• examples, data, facts, and information.

• a fact.

• a statement that can be argued.

• an answer to a question.

Reasoning is __________________.

• A statement of conclusion that answers the original question/problem.

• Scientific data that supports the claim

• Explains why and how the evidence actually connects and supports the claim.

• Empirical Evidence

Evidence is ___________________

• a statement or conclusion that answers a question

• information or scientific data that tends to prove or disprove a claim

• a justification that connects the claim to the evidence

• the opposite side of an argument

A counterclaim or rebuttal is defined as:

• the reason for an argument

• the opposite viewpoint on an argument

• the evidence that supports the claim

• a statement that can be argued

Is the following sentence an example of a claim or evidence?

According to the American Health Association, peanut butter is a great source of protein.

• Claim

• Evidence

Is the following sentence an example of a claim or evidence?

Two out of three high school students fail to get enough sleep.

• Claim

• Evidence

Which piece of evidence could be used to BEST support this claim:

High school students should be required to wear uniforms.

• When adding everything up, a school uniform could end up costing more than $200.

• A student reported, "Allowing us to wear our own clothes gives us a chance to show our unique style and independence."

• At one school that recently required students to wear uniforms, attendence rates went up, and behavior incidents went down.

• School uniforms can be ordered online .

The following sentence is an example of...?

More school districts should wake up to the benefits of starting school later in the morning.

• Reasoning

• Evidence

• Claim

• Opinion

What is the claim in the following argument?

In our experiment, the blocks had different masses: 20 g., 30 g., 44 g., 123 g. and 142 g. but the time for all five blocks to fall was about the same. It took between 1.5 and 1.8 seconds for them to fall. No, mass does not affect how quickly an object falls. Since the blocks had different masses but took about the same time, I know that mass does not affect how quickly something falls.

• In our experiment, the blocks had different masses, 20 g., 30 g., 44 g., 123 g and 142 g but the time for all five blocks to fall was about the same. It took between 1.5 and 1.8 seconds for them to fall.

• I know that mass does not affect how quickly an object falls.

• Since the blocks had different masses but took about the same time, I know that mass does not affect how quickly something falls.

What is the evidence in the following argument?

In our experiment, the blocks had different masses, 20 g., 30 g., 44 g., 123 g. and 142 g. but the time for all five blocks to fall was about the same. It took between 1.5 and 1.8 seconds for them to fall. No, mass does not affect how quickly an object falls. Since the blocks had different masses but took about the same time, I know that mass does not affect how quickly something falls.

• In our experiment, the blocks had different masses, 20 g., 30 g., 44 g., 123 g. and 142 g. but the time for all five blocks to fall was about the same. It took between 1.5 and 1.8 seconds for them to fall.

• No, mass does not affect how quickly an object falls.

• Since the blocks had different masses but took about the same time, I know that mass does not affect how quickly something falls.