How Central Idea Develops

Read the following passage and determine the central idea: "In the early 20th century, the automobile revolutionized transportation, making it more accessible and efficient. This transformation was not just about the convenience of travel; it also led to significant changes in urban planning and the economy. Cities began to expand outward, leading to the development of suburbs, as people could now live farther from where they worked. The automobile industry itself became a major economic force, creating jobs and stimulating growth in related sectors such as oil, steel, and road construction."

• The automobile was invented in the early 20th century.

• The automobile changed transportation and influenced urban planning and the economy.

• Urban planning was not affected by the automobile.

• The economy was unaffected by the automobile.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

CCSS.RI.8.2

Analyze how the central idea of the following text develops: "The internet has transformed communication, allowing instant access to information and connecting people globally. Over time, it has become an essential tool for education, business, and social interaction. Initially, the internet was primarily a means of communication, but as technology advanced, its applications expanded significantly. Today, it serves as a platform for online learning, enabling students to access educational resources from anywhere in the world. Businesses have also leveraged the internet to reach a wider audience, facilitating e-commerce and digital marketing. Socially, it has allowed people to maintain relationships across distances, fostering a sense of global community."

• The internet is only used for social interaction.

• The internet has become less important over time.

• The internet's role in communication has expanded to include education, business, and social interaction.

• The internet is primarily used for entertainment.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

CCSS.RI.8.2

Identify the central idea of the following passage: "As the global community becomes increasingly aware of the environmental impacts of traditional energy sources, renewable energy options, such as solar and wind power, are gaining prominence. These sustainable energy sources are crucial in the global effort to reduce dependency on fossil fuels, which are known to contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. By investing in and transitioning to renewable energy, countries aim to create a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future, addressing the urgent need to combat climate change and its associated challenges."

• Fossil fuels are the only reliable energy source.

• Renewable energy is becoming more important in reducing reliance on fossil fuels and combating climate change.

• Climate change is not affected by energy sources.

• Solar power is the only renewable energy source.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

CCSS.RI.8.2

Evaluate how the central idea is supported in the text: "The rise of social media has significantly transformed the way people interact with one another. By providing diverse platforms for sharing ideas and connecting with others across the globe, social media has become an integral part of modern communication. This shift has not only influenced personal relationships, making it easier to maintain connections over long distances, but it has also revolutionized the way information is disseminated, allowing for rapid sharing of news and ideas."

• Social media has no impact on personal relationships, remaining a neutral tool in the way people connect and communicate.

• Social media has changed interaction by providing platforms for sharing ideas and connecting, influencing relationships and information dissemination. It has become a crucial element in modern communication, affecting how people maintain relationships and access information.

• Social media is only used for entertainment, with no significant role in personal relationships or information sharing.

• Social media has decreased the spread of information, limiting the ways in which people can share news and ideas with each other.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

CCSS.RI.8.2

Determine the central idea of this passage: "The development of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing, offering new opportunities in various fields such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. In healthcare, AI is being used to improve diagnostic accuracy and personalize treatment plans. In finance, AI algorithms are enhancing fraud detection and automating trading processes. In transportation, AI is contributing to the development of autonomous vehicles and optimizing traffic management systems. These advancements demonstrate the transformative potential of AI across different sectors."

• AI is only used in healthcare.

• AI is advancing and providing new opportunities in multiple fields.

• AI is not advancing.

• AI is only used in transportation.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

CCSS.RI.8.2

Analyze how the central idea is developed in the text: "Climate change poses a significant threat to global ecosystems, leading to rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity. These changes are not only affecting the natural habitats of countless species but are also impacting human societies that rely on these ecosystems for resources and stability. Efforts to mitigate these effects, such as reducing carbon emissions and protecting natural habitats, are crucial for the planet's future and the well-being of all its inhabitants."

• Climate change has no impact on ecosystems, and the current state of the environment is stable and unchanging, with no need for concern or action.

• Climate change is a threat to ecosystems, causing sea level rise, extreme weather, and biodiversity loss, necessitating mitigation efforts to protect both natural habitats and human societies that depend on them.

• Climate change only affects sea levels, and other aspects of the environment remain unaffected, making it a minor issue that does not require significant attention.

• Mitigation efforts are unnecessary for climate change, as the natural world will adapt on its own without human intervention, and the current changes are part of a natural cycle.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

CCSS.RI.8.2

Identify the central idea of the following passage: "Education is a powerful tool for social change, providing individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to improve their lives and contribute to their communities. It empowers people to break the cycle of poverty, fosters critical thinking, and encourages civic engagement. By equipping individuals with the necessary resources, education not only enhances personal development but also drives societal progress and innovation."

• Education is only important for personal development.

• Education is a tool for social change, helping individuals improve their lives and communities.

• Education has no impact on communities.

• Education is only important for economic growth.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

CCSS.RI.8.2

Evaluate how the central idea is supported in the text: "The global economy is increasingly interconnected, with trade and technology linking countries and creating new opportunities and challenges. This interconnectedness requires cooperation and adaptation to ensure sustainable growth. As nations engage in international trade, they exchange not only goods and services but also ideas and innovations, which can lead to economic development and cultural exchange. However, this interconnectedness also poses challenges such as economic dependency and the need for regulatory frameworks to manage cross-border activities. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of this global network is crucial for policymakers and businesses alike."

• The global economy is isolated, with countries operating independently without any significant interaction or exchange of goods, services, or ideas. This isolation means that each nation focuses solely on its internal affairs, leading to a lack of cooperation and shared growth opportunities.

• The global economy is interconnected, requiring cooperation and adaptation for sustainable growth. Countries are linked through trade and technology, creating a complex web of relationships that necessitate collaboration and flexibility to address shared challenges and leverage new opportunities for mutual benefit.

• Technology has no impact on the global economy, as advancements in communication and information systems do not influence international trade or economic relationships. Each country remains unaffected by technological changes occurring elsewhere in the world.

• Trade is the only factor in the global economy, with no consideration given to other elements such as technology, cultural exchange, or regulatory frameworks. This narrow focus on trade overlooks the multifaceted nature of global economic interactions.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

CCSS.RI.8.2

Determine the central idea of this passage: "Public health initiatives, such as vaccination programs and health education, play a crucial role in preventing disease and promoting well-being in communities. These initiatives are designed to address various health challenges by providing essential services and information to the public. Vaccination programs help in building immunity against infectious diseases, thereby reducing the spread and impact of illnesses. Health education empowers individuals with knowledge about healthy practices, enabling them to make informed decisions about their health. Together, these efforts contribute significantly to the overall health and resilience of communities."

• Public health initiatives are unnecessary.

• Public health initiatives prevent disease and promote well-being.

• Vaccination programs are the only public health initiative.

• Health education has no impact on public health.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

CCSS.RI.8.2

Examine the development of the central idea in the following text: "Recent technological advancements in the field of renewable energy have significantly enhanced its efficiency and affordability. These improvements are not only encouraging widespread adoption across various sectors but are also playing a crucial role in reducing global reliance on traditional fossil fuels. As renewable energy sources become more accessible and cost-effective, they are increasingly being integrated into national energy grids, thereby supporting sustainable development and environmental conservation efforts worldwide."

• Renewable energy is becoming less efficient and is not a viable option for the future.

• Technological advancements are making renewable energy more efficient and affordable, which is promoting its adoption across different sectors and reducing the global reliance on fossil fuels. This shift is contributing to sustainable development and environmental conservation.

• Fossil fuels are becoming more popular due to their abundance and low cost, overshadowing the potential of renewable energy sources.

• Renewable energy is only used in specific regions and has limited impact on global energy consumption patterns.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

CCSS.RI.8.2