Research Terminology

A scholarly report of an investigation, the product of which contributes to general knowledge, has practical value, contributes to an area of specialization.

• research

• research proposal

• experiment

• investigation

A discussion on the secondary sources of data taken from local and foreign references, observing proper documentation (Soriano & Henson ,1999)

• Related literature

• Related studies

• Relationshio

• Citation

An expanded reiteration of the title but expressed as a problem. The major problem should be brief with few sentences including the essential nature of it.

• Thesis Problem

• Statement of the problem

• Problem

• Problem to solve

A clear ,concise summary that communicates the essential information about the study.

• Introduction

• Conclusion

• Abstract

• Hook

Units of information or any statistics, facts, figures, general material evidence or knowledge collected during the course of the study.

• Information

• Data

• Statistics

• Parameter

The characteristics & attributes of study subjects as age , gender, place of living, educational status, religion, social class, marital status, occupation, income are considered as demographic variables.

• Demographic variable

• Independent variable

• Operational Variable

• Variable

A statement of the predicted relationship between two or more variables in a research study; an educated or calculated guess by the researcher.

• Assumption

• Guess

• Hypothesis

• Prediction

The entire set of individuals or objects having some common characteristic(s) selected for a research study.

• Sample

• Population

• Parameter

• Data

A part or subset of population selected to participate in the research study.

• Statistics

• Parameter

• Sampling

• Sample

The degree to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure.

• Validity

• Reliability

• Accuracy

• Consistency