Living Environment Regents Review

Before they can pass from a parent cell to its

offspring cells, the inherited instructions that a

human cell carries must first be

• accurately replicated

• used to make specific protein molecules that

  form genes

• moved into the nucleus

• broken down and made into DNA molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Which dissolved substance do aquatic animals

remove from their external environment for use

in cellular respiration?

• carbon dioxide

• oxygen molecules

• ATP molecules

• nitrogen gas

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The diagram below represents a cell.

Which letter indicates the specific structure where most hereditary mutations occur?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

According to the passage, the bionic pancreas makes corrective actions that return blood sugar levels back

to normal. This artificial device helps

• produce more sugar

• break down blood cells

• maintain homeostasis

• cure their diabetes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Many hormones are proteins used in cellular communication. Each hormone carries a specific message to specific target cells. State why each of these hormones is able to deliver a different message.

Answer explanation

— Each hormone has a different shape and attaches to a specific receptor.

— Hormones differ in their shapes. If this shape were changed, the molecule would not send

the necessary message to the cell.

— Different sequences of amino acids make different hormones, giving them a unique shape.

— Cell receptors are specific for certain hormones.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which procedure is represented in the diagram?

• making an artificial cell

• adding distilled water to the top of a cover glass on a slide

• adding salt solution to a specimen under the cover glass

• making a thin sample to prepare a slide of red onion cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

The diagram shows an experimental setup using an artificial plant cell. Molecules A and B are commonly found in plant cells. When tested, it was discovered that molecule A quickly passed through the artificial plant cell membrane. Molecule B did not pass through. The locations of molecules A and B at the beginning of the experiment are shown. Which statement best describes what was observed when the setup was examined 20 minutes later?

• Molecule A remained inside the artificial cell and molecule B remained outside.

• Only molecule A was found both inside and outside the artificial cell.

• Only molecule B was found both inside and outside the artificial cell.

• Both molecules A and B were found inside and outside the artificial cell.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Human genetic material is represented in the

diagram below.

The region labeled A is made up of a section of

• a protein that becomes an enzyme

• a segment of DNA

• a carbohydrate made from amino acids

• glucose that may be copied to make DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Identify the process responsible for the effect that the salt water had on the plants _______________

The diagram below illustrates the release of chemical A from a human cell in response to a specific stimulus.

Which cell structure plays a direct role in the

release of this chemical from the cell?

• nucleus

• ribosome

• cell membrane

• chloroplast