Matter and Energy in Ecosystems

In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?

• Cellular respiration stores energy, while photosynthesis releases energy

• Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen

• Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy

• Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide

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How do consumers get energy storage molecules?

• Absorbing sunlight

• breaking down dead organisms

• soaking it up from the ground

• feeding on other organisms

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Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they...

• return vital nutrients to the ecosystem

• capture energy from the Sun

• are producers

• can be omnivores

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Where do energy storage molecules come from?

• Atmosphere

• Producers

• Consumers

• Decomposers

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What elements make up energy storage molecules?

• Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen

• Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen

• Carbon, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide

• Carbon, Helium, Sodium.

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What happens to the amount of carbon in an ecosystem as it moves through an ecosystem?

• Amount of Carbon increases

• Amount of Carbon decreases

• Amount of Carbon stays the same

• New Carbon is created when old carbon decomposes

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This tortoise is eating cactus on a sunny day. Is carbon moving into the air, moving out of the air, or both?

• Carbon is not moving into the air; it is only moving out of the air.

• With this information, there is no way to know for sure.

• Carbon is only moving into the air; it is not moving out of the air.

• Carbon is moving into the air and out of the air at the same time.

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A scientist set up an experimental ecosystem in a sealed room with no windows. The experimental ecosystem has plants, and animals that eat those plants. The scientist can control whether the room is light or dark with a light switch outside the room.

The amount of carbon in the air of the ecosystem started out low. Then the amount of carbon in the air started to increase. Is the increase because the scientist switched the light on or because she switched the light off? What happened to the number of energy storage molecules in the living things?

The scientist . . .

• switched the light off, and the number of energy storage molecules in the living things decreased.

• switched the light off, and the number of energy storage molecules in the living things increased.

• switched the light on, and the number of energy storage molecules in the living things increased.

• switched the light on, and the number of energy storage molecules in the living things decreased.

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A herd of deer lives in a forest where they eat the leaves of trees. The number of energy storage molecules in the trees and in the deer has increased. What has happened to the amount of carbon in the trees and in the deer?

The amount of carbon in the trees and in the deer . . .

• has increased.

• has decreased.

• has not changed.

• is not related to the number of energy storage molecules.

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Scientists are studying photosynthesis in a desert ecosystem that has plants, animals, and decomposers (which consume dead things). Which group or groups of organisms in the desert carry out photosynthesis?

• plants

• plants and decomposers

• all organisms in the desert

• animals and decomposers

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