Thermal Energy Review

Anthony is making ramen for his friends after a cold day. He pours the soup into ceramic bowls and notices that the bowls quickly become warm to the touch. Which statement best explaines the transfer of thermal energy in this situation?

• Thermal energy flows from the hot soup to the cooler bowls until they reach the same temperature.

• The bowls and soup exchange energy randomly until they feel warm.

• The ceramic bowls transfer heat to the soup, cooling it down.

• Thermal energy is created when the hot soup touches the ceramic bowl.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The diagram shows two objects, A and B, in a closed system. Object A is at 60C and object B is at 10C. What will happen to the temperature of objects A and B over time?

• Object A will stay at 60C and Object B will stay at 10C.

• Object A will cool down to 10C and Object B will remain unchanged.

• Objects A and B will reach the same temperature, which will be between 10 and 60 degrees.

• Object A will heat up to 100C and Object B will cool down to 0C.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Damian is trying to warm up his cold room using a space heater. Which TWO of the following correctly describe how thermal energy is transferred in this scenario?

A) Thermal energy is transferred from the space heater to the air through conduction.

B) Thermal energy is transferred from the space heater to the floor through radiation.

C) Thermal energy is distributed throughout the room through convection currents in the air.

D) Thermal energy is transferred from the space heater to objects in the room through radiation.

E) Thermal energy is transferred from the cold objects in the rooom to the space heater.

• B & D

• A & C

• C & D

• B & C

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

In a refrigerator, a compressor circulates a coolant that absorbs heat from inside the fridge and releases it outside. Which method of heat transfer is primarily responsible for removing heat from food items inside the refrigerator?

• Radiation

• Convection

• Conduction

• Evaporation

Elizabeth places a cold can of Dr. Pepper into a bowl of warm water. What direction will thermal energy flow in this system?

• Equally in both direction.

• From the cold soda can to the warm water.

• There will be no thermal energy flow.

• From the warm water to the cold soda can.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Elizabeth places a cold can of Dr. Pepper into a bowl of warm water. After 15 minutes, she noticed that the soda felt less cold and the water felt less warm. What does this observation indicate about the system?

• Thermal energy is still flowing from the water to the soda can.

• The system has reached thermal equilibrium.

• The thermal energy in the system has disappeared.

• Thermal energy has started flowing from the soda can to the water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Alejandro is making menudo in a pot on the stove. Which TWO of the following correctly describe how thermal energy is transferred in this scenario?

A) Thermal energy is transferred from the bottom of the pot to the menudo through conduction.

B) Thermal energy is transferred from the burner to the pot through radiation.

C) Thermal energy is distributed within the soup through convection.

D) Thermal energy is transferred from the soup to the spoon through radiation.

E) Thermal energy is transferred from the soup to the air above it through convection.

• A & B

• C & D

• B & E

• A & C

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student is comparing the cooling rates of hot water in different containers. Which table best represents the expected temperature changes over time for a well-insulated container?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A researcher places a hot glass of water (95 C) and a cold metal block (5 C) in a closed system. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the heat transfer process? Select TWO correct answers.

• Thermal energy transfer between the metal block and the glass will continue (gain and lose) until thermal equilibrium is reached.

• Thermal energy will flow from the metal block to the glass of water.

• The glass of water will remain at 95 C throughout the experiment.

• The metal block will eventually reach a temperature above 5 C.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Amelia notices that the metal spoon in her hot soup becomes hot to the touch. Which model best explains how thermal energy is transferred from the soup to the end of the spoon?

• A model showing electromagnetic waves moving from the soup through the spoon.

• A model showing metal particles vibrating more intensely and colliding with neighboring particles along the spoon.

• A model showing soup particles rising and falling in the bowl.

• A model showing heat moving directly through the spoon without any particle movement.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4