Evidence of Common Ancestry

According to the Primates cladogram and table listing the total number of amino acid differences in the Cytochrome C Oxidase II protein between the human and the five other organisms. According to the information given, which number would fit in the position with the question mark for baboons?

• 4

• 26

• 60

• 68

• 75

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Using ONLY information from the cladogram shown, which two organisms are most closely related?

• Gorilla & human

• Turtle & chicken

• Chicken & gorilla

• not enough information to determine

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The fossil record and anatomical similarities provide evidence of evolution.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

which is homologous to the bones in the wing of a bat?

• bones in the flipper of a whale

• bones in the hind limb of a kangaroo

• wing of a butterfly

• fish fin made of cartilage

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The diagram provided is a phylogenetic tree. It shows how groups of organisms are related through a shared evolutionary history. The fossil's remains of a creature that is the common ancestor of amphibians, primates, rodents, crocodiles, and birds is discovered. This fossil represents an organism represented by which labeled location on the diagram?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Lily is comparing the bones of the forelimbs (wing or arm) of three animals. An illustration of the three is shown. Even though birds and bats both have wings, the skeletal structure is more similar between bats and humans. What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from these observations?

• Birds and bats are closely related to each other, while humans are unrelated to both.

• The common ancestor of birds and bats must have had wings and flown.

• Humans live in habitats very different from the habitats of both birds and bats.

• Humans and bats share a closer evolutionary history with each other than with birds.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The phylogenetic tree is one tool used to show how varying species may have evolved over time. A phylogenetic tree diagram is provided. A fossil that shares a common ancestor with birds and crocodiles, but not primates, would belong in which labeled location on the diagram?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms allow us to reconstruct and infer evolutionary history and descent. The bones of the forelimbs (wing or arm) of three animals are shown in the illustration. Which of the following is NOT a reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from the similarities and differences found in this illustration?

• Birds, bats, and humans have bones and structures that allow them to function.

• Different structures allow for different functions.

• Humans live in habitats that are very different from that of birds and bats.

• Humans and bats share a closer evolutionary history with each other than with birds.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Evolutionary theory predicts that related organisms will share similarities that are derived from common ancestors. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the fossil evidence?

• The chronological sequence in which different organisms first appeared.

• Evidence of every species that has ever existed

• Links between groups leading to various modern species

• Relation through common descent from older organisms

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which of the following best describes how observation of the fossil record supports the theory of evolution?

• Hard parts of animals, such as bone and teeth, are much more likely to become fossilized than other parts made of soft tissue.

• The fossils found in rock layers of different ages are related to, but different from, fossils found in rock layers above and below.

• The fossil record has many more examples of organisms that lived in the water where their remains were more likely to be buried quickly.

• Close examination of fossils can reveal details and the diet, environment, and even behaviors of the organisms the fossils represent.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1