Missouri Biology EOC

The initial steps in gene expression are modeled. Double-stranded DNA first unwinds into two strands. Which process and product are represented in the diagrams?

• Process: transcription; product: mRNA

• Process: translation; product: protein

• Process: replication; product: tRNA

• Process: recombination; product: polymerase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited. Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

• A substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme.

• The enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells

• The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

• A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme.

Viruses are considered nonliving because they need a host to reproduce.

• True

• False

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

• DNA to RNA to Protein

• RNA to DNA to Protein

• Protein to RNA to DNA

• DNA to Protein to RNA

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

In genetics, what is the term used for the physical appearance of an organism's trait?

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Allele

• Homozygous

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NGSS.HS-LS3-3

What is the term for a change in the DNA sequence?

• Mutation

• Meiosis

• Mitosis

• Recombination

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the term used to describe the movement of alleles between populations?

• Genetic drift

• Gene flow

• Natural selection

• Mutation

A cell _______ in a hypertonic solution because water moves _______ the cell.

• shrinks; out

• shrinks; in

• swells; out

• swells; in

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following follows the concentration gradient (high to low) but requires a transport protein?

• diffusion

• osmosis

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

The four butterflies in the illustration represent the offspring in the F₁ generation. Which statement is best supported by the phenotypes of these offspring?

• The F₁ generation is composed only of males.

• Two of the offspring in the F₁ generation will not be able to reproduce.

• The F₁ generation is the result of a dihybrid cross.

• Two of the offspring in the F₁ generation will experience a spontaneous mutation

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2