AP Biology Community Ecology

Why does increasing producers increase the populations of all trophic levels?

• Producers increase the size of a habitat

• Producers help keep predator populations in check

• With more energy available the carrying capacity increases

• Producers do not have a large impact on population sizes

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Which of these describes a mutualistic relationship?

• When one organism is harmed, but the other is benefitted

• When one organism is unaffected, and the other is harmed

• When one organism benefits, and the other is unaffected

• When both organisms involved benefit

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What will happen if two species occupy the same niche in an ecosystem?

• The ecosystem will be stressed and could collapse

• One species will either alter their niche or be eliminated

• The niche will expand to accommodate both species

• The species will share the niche

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How do invasive species impact ecosystems?

• The increase density dependent limiting factors

• They establish themselves as new keystone species in an area

• The open up new niches in the ecosystem

• They outcompete native species and overpopulate the area

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Blackspot fungus does not grow on roses when there is a large amount of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere. This fungus serves as a _____

• secondary messenger

• bioindicator

• keystone species

• eco-service

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Secondary succession begins

• on bare, exposed rock.

• after a disturbance like a wildfire.

What are keystone species?

• Non-native species that have adapted to a new environment

• Species that have disproportionate effects on ecosystem stability

• The first species to return to an area after a natural disaster

• Organisms that can collapse an ecosystem if they overpopulate an area

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Which of the following best explains why there are seldom more than five trophic levels in a food chain?

• Most carnivores function at more than one trophic level

• Trophic levels about this numbers contain too many individuals

• Energy is lost from each trophic level

• The ecosystem contains too much biomass

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Which point on the graph represents carrying capacity?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which letter shows the the exponential growth of a population?

• A

• B

• C

• D