Study Guide: Unit 9: Protein Synthesis

The molecule that carries genetic information in cells is called ____.

• DNA

• RNA

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

The molecule that acts as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins is called ____.

• mRNA

• DNA

• Protein

• Enzyme

The principle that describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein is known as the ____.

• Central dogma

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

• Gene flow

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The enzyme responsible for forming new copies of DNA is called ____.

• DNA Polymerase

• RNA Polymerase

• Ligase

• Helicase

The enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix is called ____.

• Helicase

• Polymerase

• Ligase

• Topoisomerase

The short segment of RNA that initiates DNA synthesis is called ____.

• RNA Primer

• DNA Ligase

• Helicase

• Topoisomerase

Fill in the blank: The enzyme that joins DNA fragments together is called ____.

• Ligase

• Polymerase

• Helicase

• Topoisomerase

Fill in the blank: The short DNA fragments synthesized on the lagging strand are called ____.

• Okazaki fragments

• DNA ligase

• Leading strand

• Helicase

The ratio that describes the pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA is known as ____.

• Chargaff’s ratio for complementary base pairs

• Mendel’s ratio for genetic inheritance

• Watson-Crick ratio for DNA structure

• Franklin’s ratio for X-ray diffraction

The method of DNA replication where each new double helix contains one old strand and one new strand is called ____.

• Semiconservative

• Conservative

• Dispersive

• Random