AP Biology Gene Regulation

What kind of chemical bond is found between paired bases of the DNA double helix?

• hydrogen

• ionic

• covalent

What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

• the nucleotide sequence of the template strand

• the primase used in the reaction

synthesizes short segments of RNA?

• helicase

• DNA polymerase

• primase

In which of the following actions does RNA polymerase differ from DNA polymerase?

• RNA polymerase can initiate RNA synthesis, but DNA polymerase requires a primer to initiate DNA synthesis.

• RNA polymerase binds to single-stranded DNA, and DNA polymerase binds to double-stranded DNA.

RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the template strand

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the coding (sense) strand

Introns are significant to biological evolution because

• their presence allows exons to be shuffled.

• they protect the mRNA from degeneration.

A mutation in which of the following parts of a gene is likely to be most damaging to a cell?

• intron

• exon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Alternative RNA splicing

• is a mechanism for increasing the rate of transcription.

• can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a single mRNA

When does translation begin in prokaryotic cells?

• as soon as transcription has begun

• once the pre-mRNA has been converted to mRNA

Why might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the level of proteinʹs activity?

• It might substitute an amino acid in the active site.

• It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2