Homologous vs Analogous

Read the provided scenario about two different species of birds. Determine whether the similarities between their wing structures are homologous or analogous and explain your reasoning. What factors would help you determine if the similarities in wing structures between two bird species are homologous or analogous?

• Homologous, due to shared ancestry

• Analogous, due to similar environmental pressures

• Cannot be determined without genetic information

• Both homologous and analogous depending on other factors

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

How do homologous and analogous structures differ from each other?

• Homologous structures have similar anatomy but different functions, while analogous structures have different anatomy but similar functions.

• Homologous structures are found only in vertebrates, while analogous structures are found only in invertebrates.

• Homologous structures are a result of convergent evolution, while analogous structures are a result of divergent evolution.

• Homologous structures can perform the same functions if they are from closely related species, while analogous structures cannot.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Would you rather have homologous structures with a chimpanzee or analogous structures with a bat?

• Homologous structures with a chimpanzee

• Analogous structures with a bat

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following structures provide evidence for the theory of evolution and the concept of common ancestry?

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• All of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Imagine you are a scientist studying different animal species. How would you use the knowledge of homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures to determine the evolutionary relationships between these species?

• By comparing the DNA sequences of the species

• By observing the behavior of the species in their natural habitat

• By analyzing the physical structures and their functions to infer common ancestry

• By measuring the geographical distances between the habitats of the species

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

I have the same bones in my arm as a cat does in its front leg, even though our limbs look different. What kind of structure am I?

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• None of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

How can you identify homologous structures in different animals?

• By comparing anatomical structures that have a similar position

• By observing their behavior in natural habitats

• Through genetic testing only

• By the habitats they live in

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Why do homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry?

• Because they show how different species can evolve similar traits independently.

• Because they indicate that species with similar structures will have identical DNA.

• Because they demonstrate how species with common ancestors can evolve similar structures for different functions.

• Because they suggest that species with homologous structures are likely to inhabit the same environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Use the information learned from the previous stations to create an evolutionary tree for a given group of animals. Which of the following would be considered evidence of common ancestry when creating an evolutionary tree?

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• All of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Which of the following is an example of an analogous structure that does not support the concept of common ancestry?

• Wings of a butterfly and wings of a bird

• The forelimbs of humans and the forelimbs of apes

• The tails of mice and the tails of kangaroos

• The flippers of penguins and the flippers of dolphins

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2