Evolutionary Relationships

A change in the inherited characteristics of an organism over time is ________

• evolution.

• development.

• growth.

• ancestry.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

the sequence of heritable changes that occurred among species since the origin of life on Earth

• anatomy

• common ancestry

• evolve

• evolutionary history

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A _________ is a branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.

• genogram

• teddygram

• cladogram

• candygram

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which best describes how shared characteristics can be used to identify evolutionary relationships?

• If organisms have a common ancestor, most of their characteristics will be shared.

• If two organisms have a shared characteristic, it means one evolved from the other.

• If organisms have many shared characteristics, they are likely to be closely related.

• If organisms have a shared characteristic, it means they are closely related.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which statements best describe shared characteristics? Select two options.

• Shared characteristics always exist in the common ancestor and in the modern organism.

• Shared characteristics never exist in the common ancestor or in the modern organism.

• The more characteristics organisms share, the more closely related they are.

• The fewer characteristics organisms share, the more closely related they are.

• Shared characteristics can exist among organisms that belong to different species.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which best describes the two types of shared characteristics?

• 1 - characteristics that remain in the common ancestor and the modern organism

  2 - characteristics that are new and have been modified from what was found in the common ancestor

• 1 - characteristics that are new in the common ancestor and the modern organism

  2 - characteristics that have been modified from what was found in the common ancestor

• 1 - characteristics that have been modified in the common ancestor but not in the modern organism

  2 - characteristics that are new in both the common ancestor and the modern organism

• 1 - characteristics that remain in the common ancestor and the modern organism

  2 - characteristics that are new in both the common ancestor and the modern organism

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Ariel drew the cladogram shown.

Which best describes species C?

• It has jaws, but no hollow bones.

• It has hollow bones, but no jaws.

• It has neither hollow bones nor jaws.

• It has hollow bones and jaws.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Dwayne is making a cladogram using a diagonal line. Where should he place the least primitive organism?

• E

• D

• B

• A

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which two organisms are the most closely related?

• lamprey and gorilla

• salamander and lizard

• tiger and shark

• lizard and lamprey

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Amar is making a cladogram. Out of all the species he is using, he knows that species X and Y are the least primitive and are the most closely related. Where will these organisms most likely be placed on the diagram?

• at two points close together toward the upper right of the diagram

• at two points close together toward the lower left of the diagram

• at two points far apart toward the middle of the diagram

• at two points far apart toward the upper right of the diagram

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2