SC.8.E.5.9

A picture shows an object that is large, dark, and has a bright area immediately around it. Which event does this picture most likely show?

• Total solar eclipse

• Total lunar eclipse

• Waning gibbous moon

• Waxing crescent moon

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

When Earth, the Sun, and the Moon align to form a right angle, which type of tide takes place?

• Low tide

• High tide

• Neap tide

• Spring tide

The distance between objects, along with the masses of the objects, affect the gravitational force between the objects. Which statement is true according to Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

• When the masses of objects increase, gravitational force decreases.

• When distance between objects increases, gravitational force decreases.

• When distance between objects decreases, gravitational force decreases.

• When the masses of objects decrease, the distance between objects decreases.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The current model of our Solar System is called the heliocentric model, which means the Sun is at the center. Before scientists developed the current model, which is best supported by evidence, what was believed to be the center of our solar system?

• The Solar System had no center because all of the planets' orbits were random.

• A star other than the Sun was the center of the Solar System.

• A black hole was the center of the Solar System.

• Earth was the center of the Solar System

Which of these choices states Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

• As a planet moves around its orbit, the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal amounts of time.

• The orbit of a planet, or other body, around the sun is an ellipse, with the sun at one focus of the ellipse.

• The square of a planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of the planet’s mean distance from the sun.

• Gravitational force increases as the mass of an object increases or as the distance between two objects decreases.

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NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Which of those objects has the greatest gravitational force?

• Asteroids

• The Sun

• Moons

• Planets

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The diagrams below illustrate different laws of planetary motion and gravity. Which diagram illustrates Kepler’s second law?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Kevin is describing the orbit of Earth.

At what point in Earth’s orbit is Earth closest to the sun?

• When Earth reaches aphelion

• When Earth reaches its average distance from the sun

• When Earth reaches perihelion

• When Earth reaches its slowest speed

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Lindsay sees an object fall from a tree to Earth.

Which answer best describes the example of what Lindsay is observing?

• Planetary motion

• Nuclear fusion

• Centripetal force

• Gravitational attraction

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Which statement best describes gravity acting as a centripetal force?

• A force that makes objects move in elliptical paths around the sun

• The point in an object’s orbit at which the object is closest to the sun

• The path that a body follows as it travels around another body in space

• The point in an object’s orbit at which the object is farthest from the sun

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2