Pathophysiology

Which of the following statements best describes reversible cell injury?

• Cellular damage is severe, leading to irreversible changes.

• The cell undergoes changes but can return to its normal state if the stimulus is removed.

• The cell adapts to the injury by increasing its size.

• The injury primarily affects the extracellular matrix.

What is a common consequence of prolonged ischemia?

• Cellular swelling

• Fatty change

• Necrosis

• Apoptosis

What is the main cause of cell injury during hypoxia?

• Increased oxygen supply

• Decreased ATP production

• Enhanced mitochondrial function

• Elevated pH

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

In the context of cell injury and adaptation, which process involves programmed cell death and is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis?

• Hypertrophy

• Necrosis

• Apoptosis

• Hyperplasia

Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of inflammation?

• Inflammation is a specific immune response that targets only bacteria.

• Inflammation is a protective response to injury or infection, involving blood vessel dilation and immune cell recruitment.

• Inflammation is a long-term process that aims to repair damaged tissues.

• Inflammation is primarily mediated by red blood cells.

Which type of adaptation occurs in response to chronic stress?

• Hyperplasia

• Hypertrophy

• Atrophy

• Metaplasia

Which organelle is often affected during cell injury?

• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

• Golgi apparatus

• Nucleus

• Lysosomes

What is the primary purpose of inflammation in the body?

• To generate energy

• To initiate blood clotting

• To protect against injury and infection

• To regulate body temperature

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which cells play a key role in the inflammatory response by releasing histamines?

• Red blood cells

• T cells

• Mast cells

• Platelets

What is the main function of neutrophils during inflammation?

• Phagocytosis of pathogens

• Antibody production

• Tissue regeneration

• Hormone secretion