Carbon Cycle Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Review

Carbon is stored in leaves in various forms, such as sugar. When leaves decay, they lose mass. Which of the following sentences explains what happens to the carbon that is stored in leaves when they decay?

• The carbon evaporates.

• The carbon is destroyed as the leaves decompose.

• The carbon is converted into nitrogen by bacteria in the soil.

• The carbon is converted into carbon dioxide and released into the atmosphere.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which model demonstrates a correct pathway carbon takes in the carbon cycle?

• soil → animals → plants → atmosphere

• plants → soil → animals → atmosphere

• atmosphere → plants → animals → soil

• animals → plants → atmosphere → soil

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

During photosynthesis, molecules inside chloroplasts in plant cells absorb energy from the Sun. Which statement best describes how photosynthesis follows the law of conservation of energy?

• Light energy from the Sun is converted into kinetic energy in plant cells.

• Chemical energy from the Sun is converted into light energy in plant cells.

• Light energy from the Sun is converted into chemical energy in plant cells.

• Chemical energy from the Sun is converted into thermal energy in plant cells.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

• A finite amount of carbon exists on Earth, and it moves through living and nonliving materials through the carbon cycle.

• The amount of carbon on Earth cycles, gradually increasing as it moves up the food chain, and decreasing until the next phase of the cycle.

• Carbon flows through the food chain as animals eat it, then decomposes and is permanently removed from the system when the food chain is complete.

• Carbon enters Earth's atmosphere when animals exhale, then moves into space where its amount steadily increases, and finally moves back into Earth's atmosphere to be used again.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Label parts and materials involved with photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

c

d

e

f

g

h

b

a

Sunlight

Chloroplast

O₂

CO₂

Glucose

H₂O

ATP

mitochondria

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Olivia and James are studying the impact of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on plant growth in their school garden. They want to know how this change affects the rate of photosynthesis.

• It decreases the rate of photosynthesis.

• It has no effect on the rate of photosynthesis.

• It increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a certain point.

• It stops photosynthesis completely.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Olivia and James are learning about how plants make their own food. During photosynthesis, plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Write the balanced chemical equation for this process.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Which statement best describes how photosynthesis follows the law of conservation of mass?

• The volume of water used by this process is equal to the volume of water released from plant leaves at night.

• The cells in plants absorb the same amount of energy from the Sun that humans need when burning sugars during digestion.

• The number of oxygen atoms in the reactants used by this process equals the total number of oxygen atoms in the products.

• The amount of carbon dioxide gas absorbed by one plant is equal to the amount of carbon dioxide gas exhaled from one human.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?

• Carbon dioxide and water combine to form glucose and oxygen.

• Carbon dioxide and glucose combine to produce energy and water.

• Carbon dioxide, glucose, and water are released to produce energy.

• Carbon dioxide and water are released when glucose and oxygen combine

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The rate of photosynthesis can be determined by measuring the rate that reactants are used up by a plant or by measuring the rate that products of photosynthesis are produced by a plant. How would placing a plant in a dark room for 24 hours affect the rate of photosynthesis?

• The rate of photosynthesis would increase and the plant would take in more water.

• The rate of photosynthesis would decrease and the plant would produce more sugar

• The rate of photosynthesis would increase and the plant would produce more oxygen.

• The rate of photosynthesis would decrease and the plant would take in less carbon dioxide.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS1-7