DNA Scientists

Built models to determine that DNA was a double helix shape with base pairs A-T and G-C in rungs between the sugar/phosphate backbone of DNA.

• Watson & Crick

• Franklin

• Wilkins

• Pauling

• Chargaff

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Provided clear x-ray crystallography images of DNA

• Watson & Crick

• Franklin

• Wilkins

• Pauling

• Chargaff

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A pair of parallel strands that twist together about an axis

• nucleotide

• double helix

• base pair

• esther bonds

Worked on DNA imaging techniques and published Franklin's x-ray crystallography image of DNA

• Watson & Crick

• Franklin

• Wilkins

• Pauling

• Chargaff

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis in DNA analysis?

• To separate DNA based on size

• To visualize DNA fragments

• To create a DNA profile

• To compare DNA sequences

Data points are used to determine which base pairs match within the gel. If the pairs match, there is a high likelihood that both strands belong to the same individual.

• Analyze DNA

• Gel Electrophoresis

• Use Restriction Enzymes

Why are restriction enzymes used when making a DNA fingerprint using STRs?

• They are used to determine the size and shape of DNA fragments.

• They are used in order to allow us to determine if a specific family or family member is related to the crime based on their DNA fragments.

• STR bands are units of bases that are typically two to five bases long and repeat multiple times. Restriction enzymes cut these bands since they match the enzyme, making them easily recognisable.

Data points are used to determine which base pairs match within the gel. If the pairs match, there is a high likelihood that both strands belong to the same individual.

• Analyze DNA

• Gel Electrophoresis

• Use Restriction Enzymes

A method used to rapidly make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA.

• PCR (Polymerse Chain Reaction)

• Electrophoresis

• DNA Probe

This is the last step of PCR and it requires the temperature to increase to 72C for one minute. Here, complementary strands will be produced from the corresponding base pairs, reforming the DNA into two new strands.

• Elongation by DNA Polymerase

• Primer Annealing

• Denaturation