Geological Processes

Mauna Loa Volcano is one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U.S. It is among one of Earth's most active volcanoes. What conclusion can you draw about the rocks formed around Mauna Loa?

• Igneous rocks were formed by cooling magma.

• Metamorphic rocks were formed by compaction.

• Igneous rocks were formed by heat and pressure.

• Sedimentary rocks were formed by weathering and erosion.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

The deep interior of the Earth can be mapped using

• seismic waves.

• sonar.

• drilling samples.

• x-rays

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by

• gravity.

• Earth's magnetic field.

• convection currents

• Both A & B

• Both A & C

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Which of the following processes forms sediment?

• deposition

• weathering and erosion

• compaction

• cementation

Which type of rock weathers to form sediment?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

• all rock types

Limestone, under heat and pressure, forms marble. What type of rock is marble?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

• magma

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which is the only type of rock produced from cooling?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

• magma

If you were to discover a rock that appeared to have layers, what kind of rock would you suspect it to be?

• metamorphic

• igneous

• sedimentary

• lava

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?

• Energy from the Sun

• Magnetic Pole Reversal

• Convection currents in the mantle

• Faults in Mountain Ranges

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Mountains are created when....

• Two continental plates collide

• Two oceanic plates pull apart

• An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate

• Two continental plates pull apart

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2