Biology EOC STAAR

What amino acid sequence is encoded in the partial DNA segment?

• Serine – Threonine – Tyrosine

• Serine – Serine – Tyrosine

• Serine – Threonine – Methionine

• Serine – Alanine – Methionine

Answer explanation

The correct amino acid sequence encoded in the partial DNA segment is Serine - Threonine - Tyrosine based on the mRNA codon chart.

Tags

B.6(C)

Which property is shared by the cells of all living things?

• The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

• The cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose.

• The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus.

• The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration.

Answer explanation

The property shared by all living cells is that they contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

Tags

B.6(B)

What is the probability of two heterozygous parents producing an offspring with a homozygous recessive genotype?

• 50%

• 25%

• 75%

• 10%

Answer explanation

The probability of two heterozygous parents producing an offspring with a homozygous recessive genotype is 25% according to the Punnett square. This is because there is a 25% chance of the offspring inheriting two recessive alleles.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Which result is most likely to occur to the beetle population due to predation over time?

• The number of light-colored beetles in the population will increase.

• There will be more dark-colored beetles than light-colored beetles.

• The number of light-colored beetles will decrease.

• The dark-colored beetles will move to a different type of tree.

Answer explanation

The number of light-colored beetles in the population will increase as they are less likely to be preyed upon due to their color, leading to a higher survival rate.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

Nucleic acids are biolomolecuses. Which of the following is the function of nucleic acids?

• Serves as the primary structural unit of biological membranes.

• Serve as energy storage.

• Store and transmits genetic information

• Serve as biological catalysts

Answer explanation

Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information, making them essential for inheritance and protein synthesis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which biomolecule is properly matched to its monomer?

• nucleic acid: amino acid

• polypeptide: 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids

• lipid: nucleotide

• carbohydrate: monosaccharide

Answer explanation

The correct match is carbohydrate: monosaccharide because monosaccharides are the monomers of carbohydrates.

According to the information in the given chart, what type of cell is cell X?

• bacteria cell

• prokaryotic cell

• plant cell

• animal cell

Answer explanation

Cell X is an animal cell based on Melinda's observation recorded on the chart.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of these is a function of the cell membrane in all cells?

• Producing cellular nutrients

• Maintaining homeostasis

• Neutralizing chemicals

• Preserving cellular wastes

Answer explanation

The function of the cell membrane in all cells is to maintain homeostasis by regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

The simplicity of prokaryotic cell prevents them from

• growing and reproducing

• responding to their environment

• forming specialized tissues and organs

• moving through their environment

Answer explanation

The simplicity of prokaryotic cells prevents them from forming specialized tissues and organs, as these cells lack membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.

A trait that makes an organism better suited for their environment.

• Analagous structure

• Homologous structure

• Vestigial structure

• Adaptation

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Adaptation' because it refers to a trait that helps an organism better survive in its environment.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5