Earth's Structure Topic Test

How does the hydrosphere differ from the biosphere?

• The hydrosphere is composed of Earth’s water, which is nonliving, while the biosphere is composed of living things.

• Both the hydrosphere and biosphere are composed of living things on Earth.

• Both the hydrosphere and biosphere are composed of nonliving things on Earth.

• The biosphere is only composed of living things that live in the hydrosphere.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Earth’s atmosphere contains which of the following components?

• all forms of water, including solid, liquid, and water vapor

• rocks and minerals

• a gaseous mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases

• all living things found on Earth

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The temperature and thickness of Earth’s layers differ significantly between layers. The layer with the highest temperature is the _______________.

The layer with the lowest temperature, which is also the thinnest, is the ________________ .

Which terms, in order, best complete the sentences?

• inner core, crust

• crust, outer core

• inner core , mantle

• inner core, outer core

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Granite is an igneous rock, but it can change and form limestone, a sedimentary rock. Which processes allow granite to undergo this change?

• Heat and pressure from Earth’s core

• Compaction and cementation of sediment formed from weathered rock

• Rock melting into magma and cooling

• Melted rock deposited into layers

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Shale is a sedimentary rock, but it can change and form slate, a metamorphic rock, through which processes?

• Weathering and erosion

• compaction and cementation

• Melting and cooling of magma

• Heat and pressure from Earth's core

In the rock cycle, what type of rock is formed from magma cooling and what processes lead to the formation of this rock type?

• Metamorphic, due to compaction and cementation

• Igneous, due to heating and cooling

• Sedimentary, due to heating and cooling

• Igneous, due to weathering and erosion

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Isaiah has been learning about Earth’s layers, including the composition and state of matter of each layer. He knows that the inner core is very hot, yet evidence collected by geologists suggests it is solid. Which best describes why the inner core is a solid, despite being so hot?

• The inner core is hot, but not hot enough to melt the metals found there.

• Pressure from the other layers make the inner core very dense and prevent it from becoming a liquid.

• The metals found in the inner core are extremely heavy.

• The metals in the inner core react with one another to become solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which statement is true of Earth’s hydrosphere?

• Water in the hydrosphere is found in oceans, glaciers, rivers, and lakes.

• The hydrosphere contains only salt water and does not include fresh water.

• Small bodies of water, such as ponds, are not part of the hydrosphere.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Sturgeon, like the ones seen in the image, are commonly found in freshwater in North America. Which best describes the correct components from each sphere in the sturgeon’s ecosystem?

The rocks in the picture are part of the ___________, while the fish are part of the ________________.

• hydrosphere and atmosphere

• hydrosphere and geosphere

• atmosphere and biosphere

• geosphere and biosphere

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Keiko takes a trip to Japan and visits Mt. Fuji, pictured in the image. Which best describes the spheres that Keiko sees at Mt. Fuji?

The volcano is a component of the

____________

The trees are a component of the

___________

The snow is a component of the

____________

• geosphere, hydrosphere,

  biosphere

• atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere

• geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere

• atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4