Big Idea 13

Magnets have a north and south pole. What happens if you try to touch the north and south ends of two magnets together?

• The north and south poles will repel each other.

• The north and south poles will be attracted to each other.

• The north and south poles will neither attract nor repel each other.

• The north and south poles will create gravity and attract other objects.

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The force of gravity appears to attract all objects equally, regardless of mass. Which of the following demonstrates this idea?

• Two cars traveling along the road at the same speed in opposite directions.

• A rubber ball will bounce much higher than a wooden ball, even if they weigh the same.

• Magnets can both repel and attract each other, depending on how they come into contact.

• A bowling ball and a marble will fall to the ground at the same rate when someone drops them.

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Peter is playing tug of war with Michael. They both understand that to win the game of tug of war, one player must pull the flag over their opponent's line, but during this game, the flag tied to the center of the rope is not moving. What is happening to the rope in this example?

• Peter is applying more force in one direction.

• Michael is applying more force in one direction.

• Peter and Michael are applying equal forces in the same direction.

• Peter and Michael are applying equal forces in opposite directions.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Ruth tried to pound a large nail into a board using a small hammer. Partway into the board, the nail stopped. Ruth switched to using a heavier hammer, and the nail went into the board easily. Why did the larger hammer work?

• The nail could not push the larger hammer out of the way.

• The larger hammer had less mass, so it exerted more force.

• There is more friction between a large hammer and the nail.

• The larger hammer had more mass, so it exerted more force.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Mrs. Seaver has a picture of the solar system hanging in her classroom. Why is the picture not falling to the ground?

• There are no forces acting on the picture.

• The forces acting on the picture are balanced.

• The forces acting on the picture are unbalanced.

• The force of gravity is stronger than the force of friction.

Julie wanted to find out which of her toy cars, the Corvette or the Mustang, would roll downhill faster. She made a ramp by putting several books under one end of a board so that the board was slanted. Which would be the best way for her to perform her experiment?

• Roll each car down the ramp separately five times and estimate which car looked faster.

• Roll both cars down the ramp together one time and see which one gets to the bottom first.

• Roll each car down the ramp separately one time, and time them with the second hand on the clock.

• Roll both cars down the ramp together five times and record which car gets to the bottom first each time.

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Sofia pushes with equal force on two objects. Object 1 has twice as much mass as Object 2. Which of the following statements is true?

• Both objects will remain still.

• Object 1 will move faster than object 2.

• Object 2 will move faster than object 1.

• Both objects will move at the same rate.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

David and Angelo were moving a bookshelf across the carpet in their classroom. Even though they pushed as hard as they could, the bookshelf would only move a few centimeters at a time. Which of the following best explains what happened as they tried to push the bookshelf?

• The force of gravity opposed the motion of the bookshelf.

• The force of friction opposed the motion of the bookshelf.

• When they tried to push the bookshelf, air resistance acted against them.

• When they pushed the bookshelf, the bookshelf pushed back with an equal and opposite force.

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The space shuttle has a fuel tank and two rocket boosters. The rocket boosters give off a blast of hot gases. This blast helps launch the shuttle. The figure below shows the rocket boosters during a launch. Why are rocket boosters needed to send the shuttle into space?

• hey give off sound and heat energy.

• They carry equipment inside of them.

• They make the shuttle weigh less during a launch.

• They produce enough force to overcome Earth’s gravity.

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What is the primary reason why the Earth orbits the Sun?

• The Earth is attracted to the Sun by gravity.

• The Earth is repelled by the Sun's magnetic field.

• The Earth is pushed by solar winds.

• The Earth is stationary and the Sun moves around it.

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