Earth Science Review

The image shows the distribution of water on Earth. Only 2.5% (often rounded up to 3%) of earth's water is freshwater.

Of the 2.5%, what percentage of water is fresh groundwater, AKA under the earth's surface? (HINT: use the image.)

• 30.1%

• 68.7%

• 69.0%

• 20.9%

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What is this picture likely evidence of? Select ALL that apply.

• chemistry

• The biosphere interacting with the geosphere

• weathering and erosion to change the face of this rock

• destruction from an earthquake

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What might happen if the atmosphere were to disappear from the earth? (Try to think of how each of the other spheres would be affected.) Select ALL that apply.

• No wind so boats could not travel, birds could not fly

• The biosphere (humans, animals, and even plants) would have no atmosphere protection from the sun's UV rays.

• The hydrosphere would dry up because there would be no clouds, no rain, and no atmospheric pressure to keep water in our earth.

• Geosphere would look different. Example: The beautiful arch formations in Arches National Park would not look the way they do today because wind (along with water) contributed to weathering those formations.

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What are some forces of weathering and erosion that created this arch? Select ALL that apply.

• (WATER) rain erodes the rock and carries away sediments

• ICE wedging--frost gets in there when temperatures drop and expands when freezes, further cracking and breaking off chunks of the arch.

• Strong WIND carrying sand and other bits of sediment beats at the sandstone and further erodes this arch into its beautiful shape.

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A reservoir is an example of....

• often manmade but sometimes natural body of water used for collecting and preserving water

• a lake

• a fast moving river on a steep downhill slope

• a sheet of slow moving ice

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Overtime the copper-colored Statue of Liberty has become greenish. What is the cause of this?

• Chemical weathering--Oxidation (air and water chemically reacting with the copper metal, similar to rust)

• Physical weathering--wind and water weathered sediments

• Green paint--early Americans painted it a green color to stand out for boats in the harbor.

• No explanation for the greenish color

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Which of the following is a real-life example of the physical weathering process known as "ice wedging"?

• A tree's roots cause cracks to form in a rock or sidewalk.

• A boulder in a river splits in half as running water breaks it down over a long period of time.

• The roads in an area have several more cracks and potholes in the spring than they did before winter.

A rainstorm in a desert is an example of which two spheres interacting? The _________ interacting with the geosphere.

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Which of the following is NOT an example of the four major spheres of the earth?

• biosphere

• hydrosphere

• humansphere

• geosphere/lithosphere

• atmosphere

What process changes liquid water into vapor?

• sun's radiation

• condensation

• evaporation

• precipitation

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