Plant and Animal Cells: Structure and Function

Which structures are found in plant cells but not animal cells?

• cell wall

• chloroplasts

• cell membrane

• mitochondria

• nucleus

Answer explanation

Plant cells have structures like the cell wall and chloroplasts, which are not found in animal cells. The cell wall provides support and protection, while chloroplasts are essential for photosynthesis.

Which structures are found in both plant cells and animal cells?

• cell wall

• chloroplasts

• cell membrane

• mitochondria

• nucleus

Answer explanation

Both plant and animal cells share structures like the cell membrane, mitochondria, and nucleus. The cell membrane protects the cell, mitochondria produce energy, and the nucleus houses genetic material.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the function of chloroplasts?

• Allow plant cells to capture sunlight and make food.

• Store DNA

• Break down food to release energy.

• Store water.

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are essential for photosynthesis, allowing plant cells to capture sunlight and convert it into food (glucose). This process is vital for plant growth and energy production, making the first answer choice correct.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the function of the cell wall?

• Keeps the plant cell upright in case of changes to changes in water pressure.

• Provides energy for the cell.

• Stores the cell's DNA.

• Regulates what enters and exits the cell.

Answer explanation

The cell wall provides structural support, helping to keep the plant cell upright by maintaining turgor pressure. This is crucial for the cell's shape and overall integrity, especially during changes in water pressure.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the function of the cell membrane?

• Keeps the plant cell upright in case of changes to changes in water pressure.

• Provides energy for the cell.

• Stores the cell's DNA.

• Regulates what enters and exits the cell.

Answer explanation

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis. It acts as a selective barrier, allowing essential substances in while keeping harmful ones out, which is crucial for cell function.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Plant, animal and all other eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria. Why do all of these different types of cells have mitochondria?

• All living things need energy to survive.

• All living things contain DNA.

• All living cells need support .

• All living things reproduce.

Answer explanation

All living things need energy to survive, and mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, generating ATP, which is essential for cellular functions in plants, animals, and other eukaryotes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Plant, animal and all other eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus. Why do all of these different types of cells have a nucleus?

• All living things need energy to survive.

• All living things contain DNA.

• All living cells need support .

• All living things must regulate what enters and exits their cells.

Answer explanation

All living things contain DNA, which is housed in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The nucleus is essential for storing genetic information and regulating gene expression, making it crucial for the function of plant, animal, and other eukaryotic cells.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

To convert the energy of glucose into  the  usable form of ATP is a function of _________.

• Cell Wall

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

Answer explanation

The mitochondria are the organelles responsible for converting glucose into ATP through cellular respiration, making them essential for energy production in cells.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

To convert the radiant energy of the sun into the chemical energy of glucose through the process of photosynthesis is a function of _________.

• Cell Wall

• Large Central Vacuole

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

Answer explanation

The chloroplast is the organelle responsible for photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Other options like cell wall, large central vacuole, and mitochondria do not perform this function.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Carlos is looking at cells under the microscope. He sees that they are square, indicating that they contain a cell wall. What type of cells is Carlos looking at?

• plant

• animal

Answer explanation

Carlos sees square cells with a cell wall, which indicates he is looking at plant cells. Animal cells do not have a cell wall and are typically more irregular in shape.