Mi 1.4

Reorder the following steps of how vaccines work:

• T cells specific to the antigen recognize it as foreign & become activated.

• The vaccine is captured by an Antigen-Presenting Cell which ingests it, & displays a piece of the antigen on its surface

• B cells react to the vaccine antigen & undergo cell division producing more active B cells. Some of these mature into plasma B cells, others develop into memory B cells.

• B cells mature into plasma B cells which produce antibodies specific to the vaccine antigen. Antibodies bind to the antigen & may prevent it from entering a cell or mark it for destruction.

• Memory cells remember the vaccine antigen and if they ever see it again in the future, they recognize it and trigger a faster immune respose.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which type of vaccine uses a weakened version of the pathogen?

• Subunit

• Live attenuated

• Inactive

• mRNA

• Viral vector

What is an inactivated vaccine?

• An inactivated vaccine contains live microorganisms or viruses.

• An inactivated vaccine is a type of vaccine that is administered orally.

• An inactivated vaccine is a type of vaccine that is only effective for a short period of time.

• An inactivated vaccine contains killed or inactivated microorganisms or viruses.

Which cell is responsible for engulging the antigen and displaying pieces of it to ther immune cells?

• T-cell

• Antigen-presenting cell (APC)

• Red blood cell

• B-cell

Which letter represents amplitude? (a)  

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

Which cell can recognize an antigen floating freely in the body and mature into an antibody-producing cell?

• Red blood cells

• Platelets

• Naive B Cells

• T helper cells

In the process above, restriction enzymes are used to cut the viral/donor DNA and the bacterial plasmid.  How many cuts are necessary?

• two cuts in the plasmid

• two cuts in the viral DNA

• one cut in the plasmid, two cuts in the viral DNA

• two cuts in the plasmid, one cut in the viral DNA

If the target sequence or restriction site is ^5'GCTTCG^3', what is the complementary sequence read in the 3'-5' direction?

• CGAAGC

• GCTTCG

• CGUUCG

• GCUUCG

Which restriction enzymes from above make blunt cuts? (2)

• Alul

• HaeIII

• BamHI

• HindIII

• EcoRI

Which restriction enzymes from above make sticky cuts? (3)

• Il

• HaeIII

• BamHI

• HindIII

• EcoRI