8.10 C

Using the temperature map of the Earth, click on the area that is most likely to see a potentially strong and violent storm, such as a hurricane, based on temperature.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Hurricanes and similar storm systems begin over oceans. The map below shows average surface temperatures of the oceans in the summer. Based on the map, which area probably produced the most violent storm systems?

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Hurricanes begin as tropical cyclones that form over ​ (a)   ocean water. Energy in the form of heat is transferred to the air just above the ocean surface. This warm ​ (b)   air then rises.The energy in this rising air is released when the water vapor in it ​ (c)   to form clouds. This energy is released rapidly causing a ​ (d)   in the air pressure. Cooler air now swirls in from all sides. Tropical cyclones are known by different names depending on their ​ (e)   .

• warm

• humid

• drop

• location

• condenses

• cool

• dry

• evaporates

• rise

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

This image shows the tracks of historical tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern North Pacific Ocean. Which of the following problems might a researcher define based on information and observations of previous tropical cyclones?

• People living in the Central Plains region need to be prepared for tropical storms.

• People living along the coast in the Pacific Northwest need to be prepared for tropical storms.

• People living along the Gulf Coast and the Atlantic Ocean need to be prepared for tropical storms.

• Tropical storms only affect regions within a few miles of the coast, so they pose little threat to those living inland.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which statement explains how energy is conserved in a tropical cyclone system?

• Energy is created as the oceans absorb sunlight near the equator and is destroyed as tropical cyclones move toward the poles.

• Sunlight absorbed by the oceans is transformed into thermal energy and kinetic energy and is transferred to other areas and objects as the tropical cyclone moves.

• Energy transferred from the oceans to the atmosphere is destroyed as tropical cyclones fade away

• Energy that enters the atmosphere through evaporation is destroyed as tropical cyclones fade away.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Analyze the diagram. Which statement explains how energy flows through the tropical cyclone system?

• Warm ocean water is transformed into rising columns of humid air and then transferred into the kinetic energy of wind.

• Thermal energy is transferred from the ocean water to the humid air, and the kinetic energy of the warm air causes wind.

• Thermal energy is transferred from the dry air to the ocean water and then transformed into the kinetic energy of waves.

• Cool ocean water is transformed into sinking columns of dry air and then transferred into the kinetic energy of waves.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

This drawing represents a tropical cyclone system in the Northern Hemisphere. How would you develop a model, like this drawing, to represent the movement of air around a tropical cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere?

• Draw the larger set of arrows pointing toward the low pressure, and the smaller set of arrows spinning in a clockwise direction.

• Draw the larger set of arrows pointing toward the low pressure, and the smaller set of arrows spinning in a counterclockwise direction.

• Draw the larger set of arrows pointing away from the low pressure, and the smaller set of arrows spinning in a clockwise direction.

• Draw the larger set of arrows pointing away from the low pressure, and the smaller set of arrows spinning in a counterclockwise direction.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The model shows the movement of clouds, rain, and air in a hurricane weather system.

How can the direction of different parts of the system be classified using the model? Move each answer to the correct box.

Groups:

(a) upward

,

(b) downward

,

(c) circular, clockwise

• moist, warm air

• cold air

• entire cloud system

• precipitation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

When certain interactions of the hydrosphere and atmosphere such as temperature and pressure occur over a tropical ocean, a tropical cyclone begins to form. The storm may be called a hurricane or a typhoon, depending on where it is located. As the cyclone forms and becomes increasingly intense, it passes through a series of stages. How can each stage be put into a pattern of interactions that describes how a cyclone is formed?

• Rising air cools and condenses.

• Released energy drives winds until they reach very high speeds.

• Warm, moist air rises, forming a low-pressure area underneath.

• As water condenses into droplets, rain falls, and energy is released.

• A low-pressure area meets warm, moist ocean air.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which of the following questions might a weather researcher ask when trying to make predictions about a tropical cyclone that may be forming based on past observations and collected information? Select all that apply. Select three

• Are there nearby landmasses in this area?

• Have other tropical cyclones formed in this area?

• Do people need more fresh water to fall on their area?

• What is the temperature of the ocean water in this area?

• Are there forests nearby with few clearings and younger trees?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2