Physics Basics

What does E=mc^2 represent in special relativity?

• Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared

• Energy equals mass times the speed of light

• Energy equals momentum times the speed of light squared

• Energy equals mass divided by the speed of light squared

What is the event horizon of a black hole?

• The point at which the gravitational pull becomes so strong that not even light can escape

• The center of a black hole where all its mass is concentrated

• The outer boundary of a black hole visible to an observer

• The path a particle takes as it spirals into a black hole

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According to special relativity, what happens to time as you approach the speed of light?

• Time speeds up

• Time slows down

• Time remains constant

• Time reverses

What does the term "relativistic mass" refer to?

• The mass of an object as measured by an observer moving at the same velocity as the object

• The increase in mass of an object as its speed approaches the speed of light

• The mass of an object as measured in a gravitational field

• The mass of an object in its rest frame

What is the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics?

• The principle that states energy and momentum are conserved in all interactions

• The principle that states the exact position and exact momentum of an object can be known simultaneously

• The principle that states it is impossible to know both the exact position and exact momentum of a particle at the same time

• The principle that states all particles behave as both particles and waves simultaneously

What is the Big Bang theory?

• The theory that the universe is expanding at a constant rate

• The theory that the universe was created from a small, dense, and hot singularity about 13.8 billion years ago

• The theory that the universe is in a steady state and has always existed

• The theory that the universe is cyclic, with periods of expansion followed by contraction

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What is the principle of superposition in quantum mechanics?

• The principle that particles can only exist in discrete energy levels

• The principle that particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously until observed

• The principle that the position of a particle can be determined with absolute certainty

• The principle that the speed of light is constant in all inertial frames

Which of the following is a fundamental force in particle physics?

• Friction

• Gravity

• Magnetism

• Elasticity

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What is Hawking radiation?

• Radiation emitted by a black hole due to quantum effects near the event horizon

• Radiation that is absorbed by a black hole, increasing its mass

• The visible light emitted by stars as they are pulled into a black hole

• The radiation left over from the Big Bang, observable as cosmic microwave background radiation

What is the cosmological principle?

• The principle that the universe looks the same from every point of view

• The principle that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate

• The principle that the universe has a center and an edge

• The principle that the universe is cyclic, with big bangs followed by big crunches

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