NC Science EOG Review

Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is only in lakes.

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is underground.

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is still in the water cycle.

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water

How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?

• They cause the ocean water to get warmer.

• They cause ocean currents to remain calm.

• They bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters

• They bring ocean currents from the equator.

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If a lake has excess levels of phosphates and nitrates in its water, what will most likely result?

• The temperature of the lake water will decrease.

• The turbidity levels of the lake will decrease.

• The dissolved-oxygen levels in the lake will increase.

• The growth of algae in the lake will increase.

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Which characteristic of water quality provides the most information regarding the health of a water system?

• clarity

• temperature

• concentration of heavy metals

• presence of indicator species

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Where is most of Earth’s freshwater located?

• in the clouds

• in the ice caps

• in the ocean

• in the ground

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A geologist identifies the identical index fossils in rock layers from two different areas. Which conclusion is best supported by this discovery?

• The deposition rate of the two rock layers was identical.

• The fossil organism evolved independently in the two separate areas.

• The two rock layers were deposited at approximately the same time.

• The index fossil will also occur in sediment deposited on top of these rock layers.

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Which evidence supports the idea that life on Earth has continually evolved?

• evidence from layers of tree rings

• evidence from rock layers, fossils, and ice cores

• evidence gathered from melting glaciers

• evidence that the climate has changed over the past 100 years

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Which would most likely increase the genetic variation in a population of organisms?

• increase in diseases

• decrease in diseases

• increase in mutations

• decrease in mutations

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Which is the most accurate method scientists use to predict the age of Earth?

• relative dating of rock layers

• radioactive dating of rocks

• comparing the ages of different fossils

• investigating core samples from the Arctic

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Which is the best evidence for evolution?

• new rock layers containing fossils of simple organisms

• new rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organisms

• old rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organisms

• old rock layers containing fossils of complex organisms

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