Molecular Biology

What are three parts of a DNA nucleotide?

• Phosphate group

• Sugar

• Hydrogen

• Nitrogenous base

We all know that the shape of DNA looks like a spiral staircase, but what is the name of shape called?

• Polynucleotide chains

• Double helix

• Twisted ladder

• Allele

What is RNA?

• A nucleic acid that processes all steps of protein synthesis in all living cells.

• A molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms.

• The process in which cells make proteins.

• A gene that is damaged or changed in a way to alter the genetic message carried by that gene.

What is transcription?

• A molecule that contains the genetic code for organisms.

• The RNA → Protein part of the central dogma

• The DNA → RNA part of the central dogma of molecular biology

• The process in which cells make proteins

What is a mutation?

• change the chromosome structure

• Anything in the environment that can cause a mutation

• A change in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA

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There are four bases that make up the DNA chain. What are the four bases

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Guanine

DNA is very useful in the real world. Doctors use DNA to diagnose and treat conditions. What are some other ways DNA is used in the real world?

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Your body needs _______ to create muscles, regulate chemical reactions, transport oxygen, and perform other important tasks in your body.

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What is translation?

• The RNA → Protein part of the central dogma

• The DNA → RNA part of the central dogma of molecular biology

• The process in which cells make proteins

• A molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What are some of the stages where gene expression is regulated.

• Transcription

• Translation

• RNA transport

• Chemical and structure modification of DNA or chromatin