The Earth, Moon, and Sun

Tides are caused mainly by

• Earth’s rotation on its axis, which causes water to move.

• differences in how much the sun pulls on different parts of Earth.

• strong winds blowing water onto coasts.

• differences in how much the moon and the sun pull on different parts of Earth.

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When are tides highest?

• during the moon’s first quarter phase

• when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line

• during the moon’s third quarter phase

• when the moon is at a right angle to the sun

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When does a spring tide happen?

• When the moon is in the first quarter

• When the sun’s rays are most intense

• When the sun, moon, and Earth are all lined up

• When the sun and moon form a right angle with Earth

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How does the position of the moon affect ocean tides?

• The side of Earth facing the moon and the opposite side have the highest tides.

• The highest tides always occur when the moon is in its first quarter and third quarter phases.

• The side that is furthest away from the moon experiences the least gravitational pull and has the lowest tides.

• The tides correspond to the angles of Earth and the moon so the highest tides are when they are at 90°.

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About how long does Earth take to rotate once on its axis?

• 365 days

• 6 months

• 24 hours

• 1 month

At which location in Earth's rotation is it summer in the Northern Hemisphere?

• SS

• VE

• WS

• AE

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From new moon phase to full moon phase, you see

• an increasing amount of the lit side of the moon.

• a decreasing amount of the lit side of the moon.

• the same amount of the lit side of the moon.

• more of the lit side, then less of the lit side of the moon.

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You are less likely to see a total solar eclipse than a total lunar eclipse because

• the moon’s shadow covers all of Earth during a solar eclipse.

• new moon phases occur less often than full moon phases.

• only people on the daytime side of Earth can see a solar eclipse.

• the moon’s umbra only covers a small area on Earth’s surface.

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What are the phases of the moon?

• The repeating pattern of night and day

• The monthly pattern of lunar and solar eclipses

• The sequence of seasons the moon causes on Earth

• The different shapes of the moon as seen from Earth

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One complete revolution of Earth around the sun takes about

• 24 hours.

• 250 days

• 365 days

• 6 months.

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