Heredity and DNA

What is the shape of the DNA molecule?

• Square

• Single-stranded helix

• Double helix

• Circle

Answer explanation

The shape of the DNA molecule is a double helix, consisting of two strands twisted around each other.

What is the main function of DNA in cells?

• To create energy for the cell

• To store and transmit genetic information

• To help in the digestion of food

• To protect the cell from external damage

Answer explanation

DNA's main function is to store and transmit genetic information, allowing for the inheritance of traits and the production of proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

What does it mean if a trait is recessive?

• It appears every generation

• It is the most common trait

• It only appears when two recessive alleles are present

• It is always harmful

Answer explanation

A recessive trait only appears when two recessive alleles are present.

What are the building blocks of DNA?

• Amino acids

• Nucleotides

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides. Nucleotides are the units that make up DNA and consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Which of the following is true about DNA replication?

• It occurs right before the cell divides

• It happens in the cytoplasm

• It does not involve enzymes

• It happens in telophase

Answer explanation

DNA replication occurs right before the cell divides. It is a crucial process that ensures accurate transmission of genetic information to daughter cells.

What is the process by which DNA is copied called?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Mutation

Answer explanation

DNA replication is the process by which DNA is copied. It ensures the accurate transmission of genetic information during cell division.

In a Punnett square, what does each box represent?

• A possible trait

• A dominant gene

• A recessive gene

• A possible genotype of offspring

Answer explanation

Each box in a Punnett square represents a possible genotype of offspring.

How many alleles do you inherit from each parent for a particular gene?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

Answer explanation

You inherit one allele from each parent for a particular gene.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In a Punnett square, what does a capital letter represent?

• A recessive allele

• A dominant allele

• A heterozygous pair

• A phenotype

Answer explanation

A capital letter in a Punnett square represents a dominant allele.

What is a genotype?

• The physical appearance of an organism

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• A type of gene

• A type of DNA molecule

Answer explanation

A genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines its traits and characteristics. Ex: TT, Tt, tt

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1