Bioenergetics Keystone Review

Which statement best explains why cellular respiration in plants and other organisms is

dependent on photosynthesis?

• Photosynthesis is one of the final steps in cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis provides the materials that fuel cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis absorbs excess energy produced by cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis absorbs materials that are catalyzed during cellular respiration.

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The diagram shows an energy transformation that typically occurs in plant cell plastids. Which statement best describes this role of plastids in the plant cell?

• Chloroplasts transform light energy into chemical energy.

• Mitochondria transform light energy into chemical energy.

• Chloroplasts transform chemical energy into electromagnetic energy.

• Mitochondria transform chemical energy into electromagnetic energy

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Plant cells use sunlight to make their own food. Which structure allows plant cells to perform

this function?

• nucleus

• vacuole

• chloroplast

• mitochondrion

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Which process uses the products of photosynthesis as reactants?

• active transport

• cellular respiration

• DNA replication

• protein synthesis

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Why is the hydrolysis of ATP important to a cells function?

• It provides a source of phosphate for the cell.

• It releases energy that can be used to power cellular processes

• It absorbs excess hydrogen ions in the cell to regulate the internal pH

• It acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in the cell.

Which outlines lipolysis?

• Two glucose molecules combine to form a disaccharide

• One glycerol and three fatty acids combine to form a triglyceride

• One disaccharide breaks down to form two glucose molecules

• One triglyceride breaks down to form glycerol and three fatty acids

Which process is represented by the breakdown of sugar in the absence of oxygen?

• Anaerobic anabolism

• Aerobic anabolism

• Anaerobic catabolism

• Aerobic catabolism

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A scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced. What did the scientist most likely learn from the observation?

• The reaction produced water.

• The reaction consumed water.

• The reaction caused an output of energy.

• The reaction required an input of energy.

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A plant cell uses the molecules in the list to synthesize a protein. What role do the ATP molecules play in the protein synthesis process?

• They provide energy.

• They increase activation energy.

• They convert energy into hereditary information.

• They absorb excess energy to prevent overheating.

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The diagram shows the movement of ions against a concentration gradient to an area of higher concentration. Which molecule provides the energy needed for this movement to occur in a cell?

• ATP

• mRNA

• protein

• lipid

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