Types of Energy and Energy Transfer

The diagram shows a cart moving freely along a track. What happens to the energy of the cart as it moves from point A to point B on the diagram?

• Potential energy is transformed to kinetic energy.

• Kinetic energy is transformed to potential energy.

• Both potential energy and kinetic energy stay the same.

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A nuclear power plant captures the energy created by the fission of the nuclei of uranium atoms and uses the generated energy to boil water. The boiled water creates steam that spins a series of turbines as it rises. As each turbine spins, it generates power that is sent into the power grid. Choose the correct sequence to fill in the blanks below. The uranium atoms contain __________ energy. The heat from their fission increases the __________ energy of the water. The spinning of the turbines is __________ energy that then generates __________ energy used in people’s homes.

• nuclear, thermal, kinetic, electrical

• nuclear, kinetic, thermal, electrical

• nuclear, electrical, thermal, kinetic

• nuclear, electrical, kinetic, thermal

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A scientist performed an experiment during which she measured the energy transferred in each step of her experiment. The total quantity of energy transferred in all of the steps was less than the amount she measured at the beginning. What is the most likely explanation for this result?

• Energy was destroyed during certain steps in the experiment.

• The steps in the experiment required more energy than was available.

• The experiments created energy that was then used up at a faster rate.

• Some energy was transformed into unwanted heat or sound that was not detected.

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What type of energy transformation occurs, when a hawk eats a mouse and then uses the energy from the mouse to fly?

• mechanical energy to chemical energy

• thermal energy to mechanical energy

• chemical energy to mechanical energy

• mechanical energy to thermal energy

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A rolling marble has kinetic energy. If a moving marble hits a stationary marble, it transfers some of its kinetic energy, and the second marble begins to move. What is this an example of?

• Energy changes

• Energy transfer

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Transferring energy to a substance ​ (a)   the kinetic energy of that substance’s molecules. Transferring energy from a substance ​ (b)   the kinetic energy of that substance’s molecules.

• increases

• decreases

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A rolling marble has kinetic energy. If a moving marble hits a stationary marble, it transfers some of its kinetic energy, and the second marble begins to move. What is this an example of?

• Energy changes

• Energy transfer

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When a car burns gasoline it creates hot air to move the pistons in the engine, which causes the car to move. What energy transformation occur from the fuel to the movement of a car?

• thermal energy to mechanical energy

• thermal energy to chemical energy to mechanical energy

• chemical energy to thermal energy to mechanical energy

• chemical energy to electrical energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A toy robot can walk and talk and runs on batteries. Which type of energy is stored in the batteries?

• nuclear

• chemical

• electrical

• mechanical

What forms of energy are involved in hammering a nail into wood? Select all that apply

• Sound

• Kinetic

• Electrical

• Nuclear

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