DNA Replication and Transcription Review

Which of the following statements best describes the structure of DNA?

• Two strands of proteins are held together by sugar molecules, nitrogen bases and phosphate groups

• Two strands composed of sugar molecules and phosphate groups are linked together by proteins

• Nitrogen bases and phosphate groups link together to form the backbone of a strand. Two such strands are linked together by sugar molecules.

• Sugar molecules and phosphate groups link together to form the backbone of a strand. Two such strands are linked together by matched nitrogen bases.

Adenine (A) bonds with ______________.

• Guanine (G)

• Thymine (T)

• Cytosine (C)

• Adenine (A)

Which of the following is not a base found in DNA?

• adenine

• thymine

• cytosine

• uracil

Which of the following enzymes "glues" the Okazaki fragments together on the lagging strand?

• Helicase

• Ligase

• DNA Polymerase

• Primase

Which statement below accurately summarizes transcription?

• mRNA in the nucleus codes for a strand of DNA, which then replicates the genes.

• DNA in the nucleus leaves and goes to the cytoplasm, where it is copied by ribosomes into rRNA.

• DNA in the nucleus is copied into an mRNA strand, which then leaves the nucleus.

What enzyme builds the new mRNA strand?

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• RNA synthase

In what ways are DNA and RNA similar?

• both are nucleic acids

• both contain bases adenine, cytosine, and guanine

• both have a sugar in their structure

• all of the above

• none of the above

Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 

• AUGCUU

• ATGCTT

• GCATCC

• GCAUCC

carries the genetic code and only does one thing - make RNA

• DNA

• tRNA

• enzymes

• mutation

What RNA sequence would be made from this DNA sequence? CGAT

• GCUA

• CGAT

• TAGC

• GGUU