Biological Change

What is not true about fossils?

• Fossils show us that life has a history

• Fossils are evidence of what life was like in the past

• Fossils of organisms look EXACTLY like modern day species, regardless of their age

• The older the fossils are, the less they resemble (look like) modern day species

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What's a reason we don't have fossils of everything that ever lived on Earth

• Some animals were eaten before they could leave a fossil

• In some areas, the land was disrupted (by floods, earthquakes, etc).

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What's NOT true about the fossil record?

• The record represents less than 1% of all the organisms that ever lived

• land organisms are more likely to leave fossils than aquatic organisms

• most fossils are found in sedimentary rock

• it's rare for soft-bodied organisms to become fossils

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In a biology class, Abigail, Charlotte, and Scarlett are discussing how species can survive environmental changes. They conclude that the greater the ____________________, the more likely a species is to survive changes to their environment.

• Genetic Diversity

• Species Diversity

• Ecosystem Diversity

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Thomas, Lily, and James are discussing the ability of two forests to survive a change in the environment. Which forest is more likely to survive?

• Forest A with high biodiversity

• Forest B with low biodiversity

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During a biology class, Daniel, James, and Harper were discussing genetic diversity. How can genetic diversity be defined in this context?

• a variety of genes and traits within a species

• a variety of ecosystems in a given area

• system made up of all the living and nonliving things in a given area

• a variety of species in an ecosystem

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What does the root "bio" mean...

• living

• nonliving

• toxic

• variety

Rock layers are formed over the course of many years. The image below shows the types of fossils that have been found in different layers of rock. Based on this information, what does the fossil record show?

• The oldest rock layers contain fossils of more complex organisms than newer rock layers.

• Older rock layers contain fossils of every organism that ever lived on Earth.

• Newer rock layers contain fossils of every organism that ever lived on Earth.

• Newer rock layers contain fossils of more complex organisms than the oldest rock layers.

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Diagram 1 shows the fossilized remains of the lower portion of a horse's leg. Each subsequent diagram shows the same portion of a horse's leg, but the diagrams are from progressively later time periods. Diagram 5 shows the most recent fossil. What do these diagrams demonstrate?

• Fossil evidence cannot be used to support evolution.

• Modern horses have more toes than earlier species of horses.

• All living organisms have increased in size over time.

• fossil evidence can be used to show the evolution of a species over time

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Which of the following best describes the concept of natural selection in biological change?

• A) Survival of the fittest individuals in a population

• B) Random changes in the genetic makeup of a population

• C) The process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

• D) The creation of new species through genetic engineering

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