Competition and Natural Selection

Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?

• Charles Darwin

• Albert Einstein

• Steven Hawking

• Isaac Newton

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.

• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

• To protect itself against predators.

• To protect itself against prey.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

A species could go extinct if:

• food becomes more plentiful.

• members of the species have adaptations to enhance survival.

• the environment changes drastically and no one can adapt.

• there is less competition for resources.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-5

TRUE or FALSE: Natural selection will still occur if each individual has the same exact traits

• TRUE

• FALSE

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Guppies are small fish that live in South American rivers. They can have different- sized spots on their bodies.

The river bottoms are covered in rocks. Guppies with spots that are the same size as the rocks on the bottom are harder for bigger fish to see and catch.

The diagram below shows a population of guppies that live in a river. At time 1, the population had the same number of guppies with small and large spots. At time 2, after many generations, there were many more guppies with small spots and fewer guppies with large spots in the population.

How did the environment change between time 1 and time 2? How did the population change?

• You cannot tell how the environment changed. With each generation, more guppies passed on the gene for small spots to their offspring.

• The rocks became smaller. With each generation, more guppies with small spots survived long enough to pass on the gene for small spots to their offspring.

• The rocks became smaller. Guppies with small spots are more likely to survive, so the guppies with large spots changed to have small spots.

• The rocks became smaller. Guppies with small spots are more likely to survive, so both kinds of guppies passed on the gene for small spots to their offspring.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest.

• Extinction

• Speciation

• Natural Selection

• Artificial Selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

When an organism of a species has an adaptation, it will compete for resources better, survive longer and pass that adaptation on to it's offspring. This process is called

• evolution by natural selection

• artificial selection

• inbreeding

• outbreeding

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which word best describes the following definition?

The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species.

• Trait

• Generation

• Adaptive Trait

• Natural Selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

How did the environment change between time 1 and time 2? How did the population change?

• You cannot tell how the environment changed. With each generation, more squirrels passed on the gene for black fur to their offspring.

• There were more black trees. Squirrels with black fur are more likely to survive, so the squirrels with gray fur changed to have black fur.

• There were more black trees. Squirrels with black fur are more likely to survive, so both types of squirrels passed on the gene for black fur to their offspring.

• There were more black trees. With each generation, more squirrels with black fur survived long enough to pass on the gene for black fur to their offspring.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The phrase "Survival of the Fittest" would best describe...

• Natural selection

• Artificial selection

• Selective breeding

• None of the above

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4