Chromosomes and Inheritance

What does each gene contain?

• •One Gene contains the instruction of all genes in the body

• Each gene contains instructions for coding multiple traits

• Each gene contains instructions for coding a particular trait

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The following figure represents 2 alleles from a gene:

• The 2 alleles are Homozygous

• The 2 alleles are Heterozygous

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Genes are ...

• That is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present

• Segment of DNA on chromosome that control a trait or characteristic

• A number of how an event occur

• An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

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Dominant alleles are alleles whose trait ......... shows up when the alleles is present.

• always

• never

• sometimes

• usually

Alleles whose trait always shows up when the allele is present

• Dominant alleles

• Recessive alleles

• Phenotype

• Genotype

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Alleles that are hidden whenever the dominant allele is present

• Dominant alleles

• Recessive alleles

• Homozygous

• Heterozygous

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is a diagram that can be used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a genetic cross.

• Punnett square

• Square of Puns

• Genetic Square

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Gregor Mendel finished his pea plant experiments in 1863 and published his results in 1866. However, few scientists saw Mendel’s paper for three decades. Even after all that time, Mendel’s discoveries revolutionized the field of genetics. What did Mendel discover about the principles of heredity?

• Individuals get one factor for a trait from each parent.

• Genetic material is genes on DNA.

• A dominant factor can hide the expression of a recessive factor

  when both are present.

• Mothers contribute factors for some traits while fathers contribute none.

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Which of these terms describes the expression of an organism’s genes?

• genotype

• inherited factor

• phenotype

• masked trait

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Short-winged fruit flies studied in the lab cannot fly because they have an allele that causes them to grow tiny wings (w). Normal fruit flies, known as “wild-types”, have fully functional wings (W). The wild-type wing is the dominant allele. If you cross one short-winged fly (ww) with a wild-type fly (WW), what is the probability of getting a short-winged offspring in the F1 generation? Explain your reasoning. Rubric: 3pts- Student correctly states the probability of short-winged offspring and explains why. 3pts- Student states that all offspring will have the _____? genotype.

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