Biology Sol Review Biochemistry

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

• Enzymes act as catalysts to drive chemical reactions forward.

• Enzymes act as substrates when the necessary proteins are unavailable.

• Enzymes act as products to create new chemical reactions.

• Enzymes bond with substrates to create the new reaction products.

This graph shows that

• pH effects the activity rate of enzymes

• pepsin is less sensitive to pH than trypsin

• pepsin is less effective at low pH than trypsin

• more enzymes are present at a higher pH

Which term represents all of the chemical activities that happen inside of living cells?

• metabolism

• synthesis

• anabolic reactions

• catabolic reactions

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Under conditions of high heat or change in pH, enzymes lose their ability to function because they lose their

• shape

• charge

• cell wall

• water

Proteins are among the most diverse group of macromolecules because of the

• different amino acids that can be connected in many sequences

• different types of bonds finking amino acids together

• energy phosphate groups that the amino acids contain

• link between each DNA base and an amino acid in a protein

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The unique properties of water enable life to exist on Earth. Which of these is a property of pure water?

• It dissolves many substances.

• Its solid form is more dense than its liquid.

• It has a low heat absorption capacity.

• It is slightly more acidic than air.

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Which of the following molecules is most abundant in the cells of the human body?

• water

• lipids

• nucleotides

• amino acids

Peroxidase is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide in cells. It accomplishes this because of its structure. What part of the enzyme is involved in catalytic activity?

• active site

• binding pocket

• quaternary structure

• pleated sheet

Which property of water allows many land-dwelling organisms to maintain body temperature by eliminating excess heat?

• water's ability to evaporate

• water's movement by capillary action

• water's capacity to dissolve substances

• water's formation of ions in solution

Pepsin is found in the human stomach and breaks down proteins to smaller peptides. What is pepsin?

• an enzyme

• a mineral

• a carbohydrate

• a vitamin

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