Temperature and Particle Motion

What phase of matter is shown in the diagram? (The particles are close to each other but move around freely.)

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• physical change

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When an electric arc superheats and ionizes a gas such as compressed air, it creates a fourth state of matter known as the _____.

• plasma

• puddle

• arc

• electrode

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As particles are exposed to warmer temperatures they __________

• speed up

• slow down

• stay the same

• vibrate

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As particles are exposed to colder temperatures they _____

• speed up

• slow down

• stay the same

• become ions

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An inflated balloon is placed in a refrigerator. Which statement describes the movement of the gas particles in the balloon?

• The particles move more slowly and become closer together.

• The particles move more slowly and become further apart.

• The particles move faster and become closer together.

• The particles move faster and become further apart. 

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Imagine the particles in hot chocolate and those in a Coke. Which one are moving faster?

• The particles in the hot chocolate are moving faster because the hot chocolate is at a higher temperature.

• The particles in the Coke are moving faster because the Coke is at a colder temperature.

• The are moving at the same speed because they are both liquids.

• The particles are not moving in either liquid unless someone is shaking the cup.

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At higher temperatures

• particles in an object have less energy

• particles in an object move faster

• a gas contracts

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

There are two beakers one filled with hot water 100 degrees Celsius and one filled with cold water 20 degrees Celsius. Food coloring is added to the beakers at the same time. Based on what you know about particle motion which food color/water beaker will mix the fastest. Hot or Cold water? Please also explain your answer using scientific facts about particle motion and temperature. you must have an answer and an explanation to receive all your points.

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What is the change of state from a solid straight to a gas called?

• melting

• evaporating

• freezing

• sublimation

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Why does the mirror in the bathroom fog up when you take a hot shower?

• The water vapor gas from the shower touches the cold mirror, loses energy and condenses to becomes liquid water on the mirror.

• The water vapor from the shower touches the cold mirror, gains energy and starts moving even faster.

• Liquid that was behind the mirror moves to the front of the mirror.

• The water vapor gas experiences sublimation when it touches the mirror.

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