Thermal Energy Amplify Test

Select the correct statements. Select all that apply.

• The temperature of Sample A increased.

• The temperature of Sample B increased.

• The temperature of Sample A decreased.

• The temperature of Sample B decreased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increases?

• More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the ground.

• The energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

• The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Lin cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. Now the soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between the molecules of the soup in the pot and the molecules of the soup in the freezer?

• The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving and the molecules of the soup in the freezer are not moving.

• The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.

• There is no difference because all of the soup is made of the same type of molecules.

• The molecules of the soup in the freezer are smaller than the molecules of the soup in the pot.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Joseph puts a piece of toast on a plate. The toast is hot from the toaster. When he puts the toast on the plate, the energy of the plate increases. What must be true of the energy of the toast?

• Its energy stays the same while the energy of the plate increases.

• Its energy decreases while the energy of the plate increases.

• Its energy increases while the energy of the plate increases.

• It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Nistu is cooking rice in a pot. When she leaves the pot on the stove for a while, the temperature of the rice increases. What happens to the molecules of the rice when the temperature of the rice increases?

• The energy of the molecules in the rice increases.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the rice decreases.

• The energy of the molecules in the rice decreases.

• More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the rice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Rico and Bree are camping and have potatoes wrapped in foil to eat. Bree put her potato in the campfire for a while, but Rico did not. Now Bree’s potato has a high temperature. What is the difference between the molecules of the two potatoes?

• There is no difference because both potatoes are made of the same type of molecules.

• The molecules of Rico’s potato are smaller than the molecules of Bree’s potato.

• The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving and the molecules of Rico’s potato are not moving.

• The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving faster than the molecules of Rico’s potato.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Even though sample A has a higher temperature, sample B has a higher thermal energy. Pick the correct explanation from the choices below

• the molecules in sample B are brown and have high energy

• the molecules in sample A are yellow and have low energy

• thermal energy is higher when temperature is lower

• there are many more molecules in sample B which make the total energy higher

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A space shuttle is covered with two layers of carbon. The two layers are the same size and have the same number of molecules. When the space shuttle is sitting on the ground, the layers do not touch, as shown in the diagram above. When the space shuttle takes off, the layers move so that they are touching. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

How does the temperature of the outer layer compare with the temperature of the inner layer before the layers touch? What will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?

• Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the cooler inner layer will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both layers have an energy of 90, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• Before the layers touch, the outer layer is cooler than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the inner layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outer layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the layers touch, the layers are different temperatures. Once the layers are touching, kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two layers until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A chef takes four pans from different parts of her kitchen and puts them in two stacks. The diagram above shows the pans before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After the pans have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom pans will be cooler, and why?

• The smaller bottom pan will be cooler than the larger bottom pan, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the top pan.

• The larger bottom pan will be cooler than the smaller bottom pan. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both pans to reach the same total energy.

• The larger bottom pan will be cooler than the smaller bottom pan, because the energy that transferred to it will have spread out over more molecules.

• Both pans will be the same temperature because both of the top pans had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the bottom pans start with the same energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Ralph and Sheila are at a construction site and they are stacking bricks. The diagram above shows the bricks before they touch. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After the bricks have been touching for a while, whose top brick will be cooler?

• Ralph’s top brick will be cooler than Sheila's top brick, because less energy has to transfer for Ralph’s brick’s molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of his bottom brick.

• Sheila's top brick will be cooler than Ralph’s top brick, because Sheila’s started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both her bricks to reach the same total energy.

• Sheila’s top brick will be cooler than Ralph’s top brick, because the energy that transferred to Sheila’s was spread out over more molecules.

• Both will be the same temperature, because both bottom bricks had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top bricks started with the same energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5