Populations in Ecosystems

In any ecosystem, organisms interact with biotic and abiotic parts of the environment. As a result of all of the interactions, the matter within the system is

• produced when plants grow.

• recycled when organisms die.

• lost when animals and plants die.

• formed when new animals are born.

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Dead matter and waste would pile up without which type of organism?

• decomposer

• consumer

• producer

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The cycling of materials such as carbon, water, and other nutrients are mainly dependent upon soil-dwelling organisms. Use this image to answer questions. Which pair of organisms shown are decomposers?

• Fungi and Bacteria

• Bacteria and Grass

• Fungi and Mice

• Mice and Grass

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How does the energy in each trophic level of an energy pyramid compare to the energy in the preceding level?

• It has about 5% of the energy from the level below it.

• It has about 10% of the energy from the level below it.

• It has about 15% of the energy from the level below it.

• It has about 20% of the energy from the level below it.

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According to this food web, which organisms would the bobcat and diamondback rattlesnake compete for if the mouse population and swamp rabbit population decreased?

• Raccoon and sparrow

• Raccoon and Eastern cottontail rabbit

• Sparrow and seeds

• Sparrow and Eastern cottontail rabbit

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A forest food web is shown. The population includes a Dragonfly, Frog, Buzzard, Fox, Ladybird, Snake, Butterfly, Chickadee, Mouse, Greenfly, Grasshopper, Rabbit, Berries, Plantain. Which change would most likely cause a decrease in the frog population?

• An increase in the ladybird population

• An increase in the snake population

• An increase in the butterfly population

• An increase in the number of producers

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Immediately after a forest fire, the primary consumers in the area will compete most for which biotic factor?

• Food

• Space

• Oxygen

• Sunlight

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The graph below shows the range of water conditions preferred by three species of fish in an Ozark stream. Water with which of these conditions would cause the most competition for resources among all three species of fish?

• Very cold, very clear, and very fast

• Very warm, very clear, and very slow

• Mild temperatures, some suspended particles, flows very fast

• Mild temperatures, some suspended particles, flows at a medium speed

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Which organisms in the food web shown above compete for the same food source in this environment?

• Grasshoppers and snakes

• Hawks and frogs

• Frogs and snakes

• Decomposers and grasses

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Plants that live on the floors of densely populated forests must compete for sunlight. Which type of leaves are most likely found on plants that are best suited to living on the floor of a dense forest?

• Leaves that are needle-shaped

• Leaves that are the smallest

• Leaves that store the greatest amount of water

• Leaves with the greatest amount of surface area

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