Geology Test

Which of the following best describes how sedimentary rock forms?

• Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth cools and becomes solid

• Layers of material become compressed to form rock

• Chemical processes or changes in pressure or temperature change the texture and composition of a rock

• Molten rock reaches the surface an cools to become solid rock

A geologist is investigating changes that occur during the rock cycle. Which of the following takes place when an igneous rock turns into a sedimentary rock?

• Weathering

• Deformation

• Pressure increase

• Temperature decrease

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which change of state takes place when magma turns into igneous rock?

• Gas to solid

• Solid to gas

• Solid to liquid

• Liquid to solid

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Derrick started to create a flow chart to show how one kind of rock can change into metamorphic rock. Which of these rock types could Derrick include in the top box?

• Igneous rock only

• Sedimentary rock only

• Either igneous rock or sedimentary rock

• Neither igneous rock nor sedimentary rock

What is the relationship between magma and lava?

• Magma is lava that has cooled to form solid rock

• Lava is magma that has cooled to form solid rock

• Magma is lava that has reached Earth's surface

• Lava is magma that has reached Earth's surface

Which compositional layer of Earth is the thinnest?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Inner Core

• Outer Core

Over time, repeated temperature changes can cause a rock to break down into smaller pieces. What is this an example of?

• Subsidence

• Weathering

• Deposition

• Erosion

While visiting the Grand Canyon, Whitney noticed that the rock along the sides was made up of layers. How did the rock most likely form? (HINT: decide what type of rock exists in layers, and identify the process that forms this type of rock)

• By magma slowly cooling and changing into solid rock

• By heat and pressure creating separate layers of material

• By lava from volcanic eruptions cooling on Earth's surface

• By sand and other materials being deposited and hardening over time

Imagine you could travel in a straight line through Earth from a point on one side and come out on the other side. What compositional layer would you travel through in the exact center of the Earth?

• Core

• Crust

• Lithosphere

• Mantle

A geologist is investigating changes that occur during the rock cycle. Which of the following takes place when magma turns into igneous rock?

• Heating

• Cooling

• Uplifting

• Weathering