Changes to Ecosystems

According to the chart, what would most likely happen in an ecosystem if there were a sudden decrease in the number of bacteria and fungi?

• The number of plants would increase

• The number of bees would increase

• The amount of nutrients in the soil would decrease

• The amount of water in the air would decrease

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The picture shows a frog in a pond containing duckweed. Which of these human activities would most likely cause an overgrowth of duckweed in a pond environment?

• Gradually introducing geese into the pond

• Fishing in the pond as recreation

• Planting trees in nearby forests

• Heavily fertilizing nearby farm fields

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If disease removed a species of plant from a food web, how would that ecosystem MOST LIKELY be affected?

• All of the plants in the ecosystem would become extinct

• The organisms that eat the plant would become extinct

• Consumers of the plant would have a smaller food source

• Producers in the ecosystem would have a smaller energy supply

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A certain type of wildflower grew in a sunny meadow. Over several years, nearby trees formed a shade canopy over the entire meadow. Many years later, the wildflowers no longer grew in the meadow. Which factor directly led to the extinction of this population of wildflowers?

• The building of large cities

• Pollution from nearby homes

• Overpopulation of plant-eating organisms

• A change in the wildflower’s habitat

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Clearing a forest to build a shopping mall will most likely result in woodpeckers —

• nesting on roofs

• losing habitat

• laying more eggs

• flying slower

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When trees develop leaves in the spring, changes occur on the forest floor. Why does the development of leaves cause changes on the forest floor?

• Rainfall increases

• Sunlight is reduced

• Wind speed increases

• Animal migration is stopped

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What is a likely consequence of cutting down rainforests?

• A decrease in the amount of air pollution on Earth

• An increase in the number of plants living on Earth

• A decrease in the variety of organisms living on Earth

• An increase in the number of arctic ecosystems on Earth

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The diagram shows an area before and after a housing development was built there. Tall pine trees grow very well in East Texas. However, these trees do not do well in parts of West Texas. Which of the following is MOST important in determining where a plant can grow and survive?

• Wind

• Climate

• Tides

• Sunshine

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If a fire destroyed the grasses on a grassy plain, which animal would most likely be affected first?

• Coyotes

• Alligators

• Rabbits

• Red-tail hawks

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Why would fewer bees come to a plant if the petals of its flowers were removed?

• There would not be any nectar in the flowers

• The bees would not be attracted to the flowers

• The bees would not have a spot to land while sipping nectar

• The bees would not be able to leave their scent on the flowers

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